台灣產業轉型升級的研究－突破微笑曲線限制到皇冠曲線的策略

Abstract

在全球產業競爭激烈與國際經濟局勢快速變化下，台灣產業轉型升級成為政府及企業迫切關注的議題。本研究以微笑曲線理論為基礎，進一步提出「皇冠曲線」策略構想，嘗試突破過往微笑曲線限制，找出台灣製造業高附加價值化的可行路徑。 研究首先回顧了台灣製造業過去數十年的發展歷程，從早期的農業與基礎建設，到工業轉型及電子半導體產業崛起，再到近年來積極佈局智慧製造與綠色製程，台灣製造業歷經多次轉型且不斷提升國際競爭力。其次，本研究透過深入的文獻回顧與企業個案研究，包括宏全公司、健策公司及川湖公司，分析其如何透過技術創新、垂直整合、品牌策略及跨國布局，成功從代工模式升級至更高附加價值的全球製造龍頭地位。 研究發現，傳統微笑曲線理論強調的品牌與研發兩端高附加價值活動之外，台灣企業更透過製造端的技術深化與創新整合，使代工製造也具備高度附加價值，形成W型的皇冠曲線。本研究進一步指出，皇冠曲線的策略思維可作為未來產業政策的重要參考，特別是政府應持續鼓勵企業加大研發投入、深化智慧製造、強化跨國產業鏈合作，以進一步提升台灣在全球經濟分工中的競爭優勢。 最後，本研究建議未來的產業政策應更加重視垂直整合能力的培養，並加強對智慧製造、品牌建立與跨國經營的政策支持，以因應國際間日益激烈的產業競爭態勢。

Amid intensifying global industrial competition and rapidly evolving international economic conditions, Taiwan’s industrial transformation and upgrading have become pressing concerns for both the government and the private sector. Building upon the Smile Curve theory, this study further proposes the strategic framework of the "Crown Curve," aiming to break through the traditional limitations of the Smile Curve and explore viable pathways for enhancing the value-added capacity of Taiwan’s manufacturing industry. The research first reviews the historical development trajectory of Taiwan’s manufacturing industry over the past several decades, from early agricultural development and infrastructure construction, industrial transformations, the rise of electronics and semiconductor sectors, to recent strategic investments in intelligent manufacturing and sustainable processes. Taiwanese manufacturing industries have undergone multiple transformations and consistently enhanced their global competitiveness. Using literature review and in-depth case studies including Taiwan Hong Chuan Group, Jentech Technology Co., Ltd, and King Slide Works Co., Ltd., this research analyzes how Taiwanese manufacturing industries successfully transitioned from original equipment manufacturing (OEM) toward high-value-added global manufacturing leadership through technological innovation, vertical integration, brand strategy, and internationalization. Findings reveal that Taiwanese enterprises, in addition to focusing on high-value-added activities such as branding and R&D traditionally emphasized by the Smile Curve theory, significantly elevated the value-added manufacturing activities through deepened technical expertise and innovative integration at the manufacturing stage, thereby forming a W-shaped Crown Curve. The study further suggests that future industrial policies in Taiwan should focus on encouraging greater investment in technological research and development, advancing intelligent manufacturing, promoting vertical integration, and strengthening international industrial chain cooperation. These measures would effectively respond to intensifying global industrial competition and further enhance Taiwan’s competitive advantage within the global economic division of labor. Finally, the study recommends that future industrial policies place greater emphasis on developing vertical integration capabilities and strengthening policy support for intelligent manufacturing, brand establishment, and international operations to respond effectively to increasingly fierce global industrial competition.