英譯中同步口譯之問題觸發點與策略：語料庫研究

Abstract

本研究探討會議口譯員在同步口譯過程中因應各種問題觸發點所使用的策略。研究資料取自 2021 年至 2023 年臺灣「智慧城市首長高峰會」公開影片檔，建立語料庫後進行原語與譯語的分析，討論口譯員如何應對語言、文化和語境等挑戰，確保譯語的清晰度、一致性和準確度。 本研究結合量性和質性分析。量性分析當中，研究者統計四大策略類型（形態句法重組、整合、擴展、改述）及各自子類型的發生次數。質性分析則探討這些策略如何運用於不同的問題觸發點，呈現出口譯員動態調整運用技巧的能力。研究者根據原語與譯語的分析中所發現的策略來推測口譯員所面臨的問題觸發點，並根據 Mankauskienė（2016）的架構，將問題觸發點分類為「訊息相關」和「講者相關」。訊息相關的問題觸發點包括複雜的句法、慣用語表達方式、文化詞，以及專有名詞及數字等詳細資訊。講者相關的問題觸發點則來自講者的表達方式，例如不完整的句子和複雜的表述，這些問題觸發點常見於非母語演講者。 結果顯示，口譯員靈活運用多種策略來因應訊息相關和講者相關的問題觸發點，而改述是最常見的策略。口譯員也經常結合多種策略來解決複雜的問題觸發點。例如，在處理非母語演講者的零碎語句時，改述與擴展策略經常結合使用，藉此增添解釋內容、提升詞彙準確度，並保持邏輯連貫性。本研究有助於理解同步口譯的策略，並能幫助口譯員建立技巧組合，用以因應各式問題觸發點。

This study investigates the strategies employed by conference interpreters to manage various problem triggers during simultaneous conference interpreting. With a focus on the source-target text corpus analysis based on publicly accessible video archives of the Smart City Mayors' Summit in Taiwan from 2021 to 2023, this study aims to explore how interpreters navigate linguistic, cultural, and contextual challenges to maintain clarity, coherence, and accuracy in their renditions. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses were conducted in this study. The quantitative analysis involved counting the occurrences of four main categories of strategies (Morphosyntactic Reformulation, Synthesis, Expansion, and Paraphrasing) and their subtypes. The qualitative analysis explored how these strategies are applied to different problem triggers, demonstrating the interpreters' ability to dynamically adjust their techniques. Problem triggers were inferred from the strategies identified in the source-target text analysis. The study categorized problem triggers into message-related and sender-related issues, based on Mankauskienė’s (2016) framework. Message-related triggers include complex syntax, idiomatic expressions, cultural references, and detailed information such as proper nouns and numbers. Sender-related triggers stem from the speaker's delivery, including incomplete sentences and convoluted expressions, particularly from non-native speakers. The results indicated that interpreters dynamically utilize a versatile range of strategies to address both message-related and sender-related problem triggers, with Paraphrasing being particularly prominent. It was found that interpreters also often combine strategies to address complex problem triggers. For instance, when dealing with non-native speakers' fragmented sentences, Paraphrasing is frequently combined with Expansion strategies to add explanatory remarks, enhance lexical accuracy, and maintain logical continuity. This study contributes to the understanding of simultaneous interpreting strategies, and it is helpful for interpreters to develop a versatile skill set to manage diverse problem triggers.