臺灣發展型國家與媒體效果：高端新冠肺炎疫苗的個案研究

Abstract

本論文旨在探討臺灣發展型國家在推動高端新冠肺炎疫苗過程中所面臨的挑戰，並深入分析媒體效果對該疫苗相關輿論的影響。研究基於過程追蹤法，檢驗發展型國家式微及媒體效果這兩個假設，是否與高端疫苗推行阻礙具有因果關係。為此，本文採用了多種研究方法，包括次級資料分析法和內容分析法，系統性地收集與研判相關證據，並透過框架理論分析媒體報導，進一步探討在全球化與民主化背景下，臺灣發展型國家模式是否仍具推動本土生技產業的能力，特別是在國產疫苗政策上的成效與挑戰。 研究結果顯示，與過去成功扶植半導體產業相比，臺灣發展型國家在促進生技產業發展的過程中顯得力不從心，尤其在高端疫苗推行上，面臨諸多政策困境。此外，媒體在疫苗爭議中發揮了關鍵作用，其兩極化報導及假新聞的傳播，顯著加強了社會對疫苗的質疑和不信任，進而削弱了民眾對國產疫苗的信心與政策支持。這些因素共同導致高端新冠肺炎疫苗推行受阻，反映出台灣發展型國家模式在新興產業中的挑戰，以及媒體環境在公共政策推行中的影響力。

This article aims to explore the challenges faced by Taiwan's developmental state in promoting the Medigen COVID-19 vaccine and to analyze the impact of media effects on public opinion regarding the vaccine. The study employs process tracing to examine two hypotheses: the decline of the developmental state and the influence of media effects, and whether these factors are causally linked to the obstacles encountered in the vaccine’s implementation. To address these issues, the research adopts multiple methods, including secondary data research and content analysis, systematically collecting and assessing relevant evidence. It also applies framing theory to analyze media reports, further investigating whether Taiwan’s developmental state model, under the pressures of globalization and democratization, still has the capacity to drive the growth of local biotechnology industries, especially in the success and challenges of domestic vaccine policies. The findings reveal that, compared to the past success of fostering the semiconductor industry, Taiwan’s developmental state has struggled to effectively promote the biotechnology sector, particularly in the case of the Medigen vaccine. The promotion of this vaccine faced numerous policy challenges. Furthermore, the media played a pivotal role in amplifying the controversy, as polarized reports and the spread of misinformation significantly intensified public skepticism and distrust toward the vaccine. This erosion of public confidence and policy support contributed to the obstacles in implementing the Medigen COVID-19 vaccine. These findings reflect the challenges Taiwan’s developmental state faces in emerging industries and highlight the influence of the media environment on the execution of public policies.