微生物燃料電池商業化可行性分析

Abstract

本研究評估了微生物燃料電池 (MFCs) 用於廢水處理和能源生產的商業可行性，符合多項永續發展目標(SDG)。MFCs通過生物電化學過程將有機物質轉換為電能，在可再生能源和廢棄物管理方面具有重大前景。然而，可擴展性、成本效益和技術成熟度等挑戰妨礙了其廣泛應用。研究方法包括使用第一手和第二手資料來源進行全面的市場分析，以及使用全球專利檢索系統 (GPSS) 進行專利趨勢分析。市場分析可找出成長動力、機會和限制，而專利分析則可揭示技術發展趨勢、技術差距和競爭態勢。本次研究結果顯示，在全球 MFCs 專利領域中，中國擁有超過 50% 的專利，其次是美國和日本。儘管進行了大量的研究和試點項目，MFCs 的全面商業化預計還需 10-15 年的時間，其中試點項目扮演關鍵作用。本研究亦提供可行的商業化方案。建議將 MFCs 與現有技術（如太陽能板和藻類培養）相結合，以提高其商品利用性與價值。在具體應用方面，可以著重農業部門，特別是法國的釀酒廠，提供了一個可行的市場。釀酒廠產生大量廢水和二氧化碳，使得現場 MFCs 系統有利於水的再利用和碳捕集，符合歐盟的氣候目標。本研究建議開發結合 MFCs、藻類生物反應器和太陽能電池板的微生物碳捕集電池(MCCs)，以有效滿足這些需求。總的而言，雖然 MFCs 面臨重大障礙，但在高影響力和未充分開發的領域進行重點研發投資，以及與現有技術進行策略性整合，可加速其商業可行性，為可持續能源解決方案和環境改善做出貢獻。

This study evaluates the commercial feasibility of Microbial Fuel Cells (MFCs) for wastewater treatment and energy production, aligning with several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). MFCs, which convert organic matter into electricity through bio-electrochemical processes, hold significant promise for renewable energy and waste management. However, challenges such as scalability, cost-effectiveness, and technological maturity hinder widespread adoption. The methodology involves a comprehensive market analysis using primary and secondary data sources, and a patent landscape analysis employing the Global Patent Search System (GPSS). The market analysis identifies growth drivers, opportunities, and constraints, while the patent analysis reveals trends, technological gaps, and competitive landscapes. Results indicate that China dominates the global MFCs patent landscape with over 50% of patents, followed by the United States and Japan. Despite significant research and pilot projects, full commercialization of MFCs is expected to take an additional 10-15 years, with pilot projects playing a crucial role. The integration of MFCs with existing technologies like solar panels and algae cultivation is suggested to enhance their feasibility. For specific applications, the agricultural sector, particularly wineries in France, presents a viable market. Wineries produce large volumes of wastewater and CO2, making on-site MFC systems beneficial for water reuse and carbon capture, aligning with EU climate targets. The study recommends developing Microbial Carbon Capture Cells (MCCs) combining MFCs, algae bioreactors, and solar panels to address these needs efficiently. In conclusion, while MFCs face significant hurdles, targeted R&D investments in high-impact and underexplored areas, along with strategic integration with existing technologies, can accelerate their commercial viability, contributing to sustainable energy solutions and environmental improvements.