企業內部特性對漂綠行為之影響實證：全球性研究

Abstract

近年來，企業社會責任（CSR）的環保聲明成為了公眾辯論的焦點，尤其是企業在揭露與實踐間的不一致現象——ESG漂綠行為即企業誇大或虛假的環保宣傳，已成為全球關注的焦點，對消費者和投資者的信任造成負面影響。隨著可持續發展理念的普及和社會責任意識的提升，了解企業在ESG方面的行為及其背後的驅動因素，對於制定有效的政策和企業管理策略具有重要意義。本研究旨在探討與分析企業內部特性如何影響其從事漂綠行為，進一步了解企業內部特性如何作用並在漂綠行為上產生影響。 本研究結合文獻回顧、理論架構構建以及計量實證分析法，使用來自全球2412家企業2013年至2023年間的資料，經由縱橫資料集之統計檢定，對漂綠行為的定義、影響因素及相關理論進行了全面梳理與探討。 研究發現企業規模、公司年齡、財務限制、獨立董事比例和委員會完整度與漂綠行為呈現顯著負相關，CEO雙重性則呈現顯著正相關，進一步豐富了現有的漂綠理論，為這一領域的未來研究提供了新的方向。 本研究的結果對政策制定者具有重要參考價值，有助於在制定環保政策時考慮企業的不同特性，從而推動更為真實和有效的環保行為。此外，本研究還為企業管理者提供了管理和改善其環保形象的策略建議，促使企業在實現經濟效益的同時，履行更多的社會和環境責任。 總結來說，本研究對理解和應對企業漂綠行為具有重要的理論意義和實踐價值。透過持續的研究與跨學科合作，期望能提供更多實用見解，協助企業實現社會及環境目標，並為學術界甚至政府政策提供指導。

In recent years, the environmental declarations in corporate social responsibility (CSR) have become a focal point of public debate, particularly regarding the inconsistencies between corporate disclosures and practices. The phenomenon of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) greenwashing—where companies exaggerate or falsify their environmental claims—has garnered global attention, negatively impacting consumer and investor trust. With the proliferation of sustainable development concepts and the rising awareness of social responsibility, understanding corporate behavior in ESG and its underlying drivers is crucial for formulating effective policies and corporate management strategies. This study aims to explore and analyze how corporate characteristics influence their greenwashing behaviors and further investigate how the interactions between these characteristics affect greenwashing. Combining literature review, theoretical framework construction, and empirical quantitative analysis, this study utilizes data from 2,412 companies worldwide, covering the period from 2013 to 2023. Through statistical testing of panel data, the study comprehensively examines the definitions, influencing factors, and relevant theories of greenwashing. The findings reveal that corporate size, company age, financial constraints, the proportion of independent directors, and committee integrity are significantly negatively correlated with greenwashing behaviors, while CEO duality shows a significant positive correlation. The moderating effects of company age and corporate size reveal more complex interactive relationships, further enriching existing greenwashing theories and providing new directions for future research in this field. The results of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers, helping them consider different corporate characteristics when formulating environmental policies, thereby promoting more genuine and effective environmental practices. Additionally, the study provides strategic recommendations for corporate managers to manage and improve their environmental image, encouraging companies to achieve economic benefits while fulfilling greater social and environmental responsibilities. In summary, this study holds significant theoretical and practical value for understanding and addressing corporate greenwashing behaviors. Through ongoing research and interdisciplinary collaboration, it is hoped that more practical insights can be provided to assist companies in achieving their social and environmental goals and to offer guidance for academia and even government policy.