以三磷酸腺苷(ATP)檢測生物可利用有機碳方法探討不同生物濾床濾材對出水生物穩定性之影響

Abstract

生物可利用有機碳(Assimilable organic carbon, AOC)傳統檢測方法所需的勞力與時間成本較高，不常作為常規檢驗方法，若無法即時得知配水管網中AOC濃度升高時，會使微生物增生導致水質惡化。本研究旨在探討在不同空床接觸時間(Empty bed contact time ,EBCT)操作條件下，具生物附著潛力之濾材作為生物濾床是否能有效提高自來水中AOC降解程度，並評估三磷酸腺苷(adenosine triphosphate, ATP)冷光分析法在檢測自來水中AOC濃度方面的應用。因此，本研究先經優化試驗各別取得AOC代表菌株Pseudomonas fluorescens P17 及 Spirillum strain NOX 所產生ATP相對於每單位醋酸根碳之生產係數(yield coefficients)，再將配水點水樣進行培養後以ATP冷光法取代傳統塗盤數菌方式，利用生產係數回推AOC濃度，並比較傳統方法與ATP冷光分析法之相關性。再使用ATP冷光分析法與其他生物穩定性之參數評估傳統與具有生物附著潛力之濾材作為生物濾床之適用性。研究結果顯示P17與NOX菌株生產係數分別為141620和203900 (RLU/μg acetate-c)，且兩種方法分析結果具高度正相關R = 0.8535。根據ATP冷光分析法與其他生物穩定性參數評估結果顯示，在EBCT 7.5min、10min、15min條件下最佳之濾材分別為石英砂、GAC與浮石。本研究認為ATP冷光法有望應用於配水管網生物穩定性的監測，同時也為淨水廠在選擇生物濾床之過濾濾材方面提供新選擇。

Traditional methods for detecting assimilable organic carbon (AOC) are labor-intensive and time-consuming, limiting their use in routine water quality monitoring. If the AOC concentration levels in the water distribution system cannot be monitored in real-time, microbial growth may increase, leading to water quality deterioration.This study investigates the effectiveness of biofiltration materials with biofilm-forming potential in degrading AOC under different empty bed contact times (EBCT). It also evaluates the application of the adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence assay for measuring AOC in drinking water. Optimized tests established the yield coefficients for AOC model strains Pseudomonas fluorescens P17 and Spirillum strain NOX. Water samples were cultured, and ATP bioluminescence was used instead of traditional plate counting to estimate AOC concentrations. The results showed a high correlation (R²=0.7284) between traditional methods and ATP bioluminescence. The optimal filter materials at EBCTs of 7.5, 10, and 15 minutes were identified as quartz sand, GAC, and pumice, respectively. The study concludes that the ATP bioluminescence assay holds promise for monitoring biological stability in distribution networks and provides new options for selecting biofiltration materials in water treatment plants.