魚腥草生質物防曬效能

Abstract

近年來，由於疫情影響和中藥材的廣泛使用，魚腥草（Houttuynia cordata）因其抗病毒、抗發炎和抗氧化的特性而備受關注。魚腥草中的黃酮類化合物、黃酮醣苷和多酚等成分具有抗氧化特性，可以中和自由基，減少紫外線對皮膚的損傷。此外，魚腥草殘渣作為生物質能源，與化石燃料相比，燃燒時的碳排放量更低，有助於減少溫室氣體排放，實現減排目標。 本研究將分為魚腥草有效成分以及殘渣再利用兩個部分，用不同蒸煮時間的水萃液加入乳膏，觀察其吸光值的變化；另外，水萃完後的殘渣，將會使用TEMPO氧化水解，再搭配超聲波處理，觀察在不同水解時間，以及搭配不同超聲波處理時間的纖維素粒徑變化、吸光值變化以及有無抑菌效果。 研究結果顯示，水萃液會隨著蒸煮的時間拉長，吸光值以及總黃酮含量增加，且加入乳膏後仍有一樣的趨勢。殘渣再利用則是隨著蒸煮時間越長，因纖維素受熱後結構變得更不規則及疏鬆，且失去了部分的強度及熱穩定性，水解後的粒徑會變得更小，但吸光值也隨之下降，此外在此實驗中發現拉長TEMPO水解時間，縮小的幅度不是很大，故使用了水解1小時後的水解液搭配超聲波處理，隨著超聲波的時間拉長，粒徑有明顯的縮小，且因超聲波可以有效提高水中纖維素的緻密性，從而提高吸光值，提高防曬的效果。TEMPO水解後的水解液皆不具有抑菌效果，推測因水解後產生的含氧官能基與次氯酸鈉作用，消耗了次氯酸鈉，且次氯酸鈉屬於易揮發性，在反應過程中除了自身容易溢散，也間接帶走魚腥草可以抗菌抗發炎的揮發性成分。

In recent years, due to the pandemic and the use of traditional Chinese medicine, Houttuynia cordata has gained attention for its antiviral, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Its flavonoids and polyphenols reduce UV skin damage. Additionally, using H. cordata residue as biomass lowers carbon emissions compared to fossil fuels, aiding in emission reduction goals. This experiment has two parts: investigating active ingredients in H. cordata and reusing its residue. In the first part, extracts from water decoction at different boiling times will be added to creams, and absorbance changes will be observed. The residue will undergo TEMPO oxidation hydrolysis and ultrasonic treatment in the second part. The changes in cellulose particle size, absorbance, and antimicrobial effects will be observed with varying hydrolysis times and ultrasonic durations. The research shows that the absorbance and total flavonoid content of H. cordata water extract increase with longer boiling times, even after adding to cream. Regarding residue reuse, prolonged boiling causes the cellulose structure to become irregular and lose strength, leading to smaller particle sizes post-hydrolysis but lower absorbance. Extended TEMPO hydrolysis time did not significantly reduce particle size, so a 1-hour hydrolyzed solution combined with ultrasonic treatment was used. Longer ultrasonic times reduced considerably particle size and increased absorbance, enhancing the sunscreen effect. However, the hydrolyzed solutions showed no antimicrobial effect, likely due to the interaction of oxygen-containing groups with sodium hypochlorite, consuming it and carrying away volatile antimicrobial components.