陰離子交換樹脂胺官能化對全氟丁烷磺酸去除研究

Abstract

全氟化合物 (Per and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances, PFAs) 具有疏水、疏油和熱穩定性，此特殊性來自碳鏈上穩定性良好的 C-F 鍵，因此被廣泛應用於各種工業製程及民生產品中。長碳鏈 PFAs（C8）因其持久性和生物累積毒性，各國開始制定政策，逐步以短碳鏈 PFAs（C4）取代，如全氟丁烷磺酸（Perfluorobutanesulfonic Acid, PFBS），有關 C4 對環境的影響和安全性的資料仍不完整，缺乏毒性、生物累積潛力和生物降解性等方面的研究。隨著C4 的使用量增加，其排放量也會隨之上升，從而增加環境和人體的暴露風險。因此，實有必要有效去除C4的方法。 本研究利用強鹼型陰離子交換樹脂(Anion Exchange Resin, IER) 去除水中之 PFBS，分析離子交換樹脂之界達電位、表面結構和組成物質，並研究離子交換樹脂添加量、攪拌速率、pH 值、初始 PFBS 濃度不同參數對去除效果之影響。根據實驗所得到之最佳結果，利用聚乙烯亞胺溶液 (Polyethylenimine,PEI) 研究胺改IER (IER-PEI) 對PFBS之去除影響。研究結果顯示，實驗水溶液pH 值為3.0、攪拌速率400 rpm、初始PFBS濃度100 ppm以及添加4g/L IER-PEI，反應10分鐘後去除率達97.56%，交換量為27.784 mg/g。IER與PFBS進行離子交換符合擬二階反應動力模式，等溫模型模擬結果符合Langmuir等溫模型。

Per and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAs) are renowned for their hydrophobic, oleophobic, and thermal stability properties. Their uniqueness stems from the highly stable C-F bonds in their carbon chains, making them widely utilized in various industrial processes and consumer products. Long-chain PFAs (C8), due to their persistence and bioaccumulative toxicity, have led countries to establish policies to gradually replace them with short-chain PFAs (C4), such as perfluorobutanesulfonic acid (PFBS). However, data on the environmental impact and safety of C4 PFAs remain incomplete, lacking research on toxicity, bioaccumulation potential, and biodegradability. With the use of C4 PFAs increases, their emissions will also rise, thereby escalating environmental and human exposure risks. Consequently, developing effective methods for the removal of C4 PFAs has become a crucial area of research and development. This study utilizes a strong base anion exchange resin (Anion Exchange Resin, IER) to remove PFBS from water. The zeta potential, surface structure, and composition of the ion exchange resin were analyzed. The effects of various parameters, such as the amount of ion exchange resin added, stirring rate, pH value, and initial PFBS concentration, on the removal efficiency were investigated. Based on the optimal results obtained from the experiments, the effect of amine-modified IER (IER-PEI) on PFBS removal was studied using a polyethyleneimine solution (PEI). The research results show that, with a solution pH of 3.0, a stirring rate of 400 rpm, an initial PFBS concentration of 100 ppm, and the addition of 4 g/L IER-PEI, the removal rate reached 97.56% after 10 minutes, with an exchange capacity of 27.784 mg/g. The ion exchange between IER and PFBS follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, and the isothermal model simulation results conform to the Langmuir isothermal model.