重新思考連結：全球和國家認同對台灣和日本環保意識的影響

Abstract

解決全球環境問題需要深入了解影響環保行為的因素。個人努力固然重要，但實現全球性的集體行動也勢在必行。培養大規模的集體認同感一直備受關注，因為這是培養後代將集體利益置於個人利益之上的策略。然而，由於過去的研究對全球認同和國家認同在影響親環境主義方面的作用結果不一，這種關聯仍不明確；此外，過去的大多數研究忽視了國家認同中民族主義和愛國主義的雙重面貌。此外，該領域的大多數實證研究都是在西方背景下進行的，對亞洲國家的研究不足。本研究探討了全球認同、愛國主義和民族主義在預測台灣和日本大學生親環境信念和行為的相對重要性。相關分析表明，在台灣和日本，全球認同都是親環境主義的最佳預測因素，但台灣的全球認同與親環境主義之間的相關性要比日本強得多。另一方面，愛國主義和民族主義並沒有表現出明顯的對立效應。在台灣，愛國主義有效地預測了親環境主義，而在日本，國家認同變數與親環境主義變數之間沒有一致的相關性。這些結果不僅強調了全球認同的潛在重要性，也揭示了台灣和日本在想像社群影響上的潛在差異。

Tackling global environmental issues requires a deep understanding of the factors influencing pro-environmental behaviors. Individual efforts are crucial, but achieving worldwide collective action is imperative. The cultivation of large-scale collective identity has been drawing attention as a strategy to nurture future generations who prioritize collective benefit over individual interests. However, the association remains unclear, as previous research has shown mixed results on the role of global and national identity in influencing pro-environmentalism; moreover, most previous research overlooks the dual faces of nationalism and patriotism in national identity. Furthermore, the majority of empirical studies in the field have been conducted in Western contexts, leaving Asian nations under-researched. This study investigates the relative importance of global identification, patriotism, and nationalism in predicting pro-environmental beliefs and behaviors among Taiwanese and Japanese university students. The correlational analysis shows that global identification was the best predictor of pro-environmentalism in both Taiwan and Japan, but the correlation between global identification and pro-environmentalism was much stronger in Taiwan than in Japan. On the other hand, patriotism and nationalism showed no clear opposing effects. While patriotism effectively predicts pro-environmentalism in Taiwan, there was no consistent correlation between the national identity variable and pro-environmentalism variables in Japan. These results not only highlight the potential importance of global identification but also reveal the potential differences in the influence of imagined communities in the context of Taiwan and Japan.