區塊鏈之應用於半導體尖端企業跨國設廠下永續經營與競爭策略

Abstract

在全球半導體產業中，台灣晶片製造的占比超過半數，然而在Covid-19疫情下，供應鏈斷裂的風險突顯，美國為確保晶片自主供應，大幅增加對半導體產業的投資，甚至邀請台灣晶片龍頭企業T公司前往美國設廠，以提升晶片的自主供應能力。同時，隨著淨零碳排成為企業永續經營的重要指標之一，企業將減碳議題置於重要位置。此外，區塊鏈技術的應用也在逐漸興起，尤其是在整合上下游資訊流通方面，有助於促進共同減碳。 然而目前採用區塊鏈技術的企業仍寥寥可數。因此，本研究旨在證實區塊鏈對企業減碳的有效性，並探討其對企業整體永續價值的影響，為其他企業考慮投資區塊鏈技術提供參考。 本研究以台灣晶片製造商T公司為主體，探討至美國投資設廠後與主要對手美國晶片製造商I公司的競爭關係，以兩公司的永續價值作為競爭力的衡量。透過模型建構，量化永續價值內的三個面向，包含經濟價值、綠色價值與社會價值，以最佳產量作為變數，並考慮導入區塊鏈與否作為變因，利用賽局理論分析了在各自導入或未導入區塊鏈的四種情況下，這兩家公司如何實現永續價值的最大化。 研究結果顯示，區塊鏈的導入對於企業採用方的永續價值有正向影響，而賽局理論的納許均衡為兩公司皆導入區塊鏈技術，與兩公司皆未導入區塊鏈時比較，兩方的永續價值皆上升。同時發現T公司無論在何種情況下，在社會價值的部分較為落後，故建議T公司導入區塊鏈之外，同時檢視其公司架構中不同環節的組成和內容，並針對社會價值進行優化。

In the global semiconductor industry, Taiwan's chip manufacturing accounts for over half. However, the Covid-19 pandemic highlighted supply chain risks. To ensure chip autonomy, the US significantly increased investment in semiconductor industry, even inviting Taiwan's leading chip company, T Corp, to establish factories in the US. Meanwhile, with net-zero carbon becoming a key sustainability indicator, companies prioritize carbon reduction. Additionally, blockchain technology is emerging, particularly in integrating upstream and downstream information flow, aiding carbon reduction efforts. Yet, blockchain adoption remains limited. Thus, this study aims to validate blockchain's effectiveness in carbon reduction and its impact on overall sustainability value, providing insights for other companies considering blockchain investment. Focusing on T Corp, the study examines its competitive relationship with major US chip manufacturer, I Corp, post investment in the US, using sustainability value as a measure. Through model construction, three aspects of sustainability value are quantified: economic, green, and social. Considering blockchain implementation as a variable, game theory analyzes how both companies maximize sustainability value under four scenarios. Results show blockchain implementation positively impacts sustainability value for adopting companies. Nash equilibrium suggests both companies adopting blockchain leads to increased sustainability value compared to both not adopting. However, T Corp lags in social value, suggesting optimization alongside blockchain implementation.