透過建成環境挑戰規範二分法：桃園忠烈祠真實性的微妙視角

Abstract

本研究聚焦於臺灣的文化遺產，一個具有複雜殖民歷史的事實國家。日治時 期及其後國民政府統治的持久影響，在臺灣留下了切實的印記，如桃園忠烈祠等 建築。這座保存完好的神道建築典範，被視為一個透鏡，用以探討超越結構保存 的真實性，凸顯社會概念和文化身份。 在真實性討論中植根的歐洲中心主義觀點，透過權威的遺產論述(Smith， 2006)揭示其根源。這是一種塑造何謂遺產的權力結構，而權威的遺產論述反映 了西方對於建築保存的規範和理念，強調以最小干預維護其原始狀態。因此，該 術語內在地包含了真實與否的二元性。從 1964 年威尼斯憲章的首次提出，真實性 的涵義在國際組織中也發生演變，承認其依賴於特定背景的性質。 研究問題旨在重新定義真實性，超越歐洲本位的視角，並透過對桃園忠烈祠 的探索將其視為一種流動的概念。本研究借鑑後殖民理論，探討混雜性和異語 (heteroglossia) 所體現的，在本案例中獨有於臺灣的特殊真實性。此研究旨在為有 關臺灣的文獻做出貢獻，同時為桃園忠烈祠的英文文獻鋪平道路，提供一個對真 實性的細緻透視。

This study focuses on the heritage in Taiwan, a de facto nation with a complex colonial history. The enduring impact of Japanese rule and subsequent Kuomintang administration has left tangible imprints on the island, evident in structures like the Taoyuan Shrine. This structure, a well-preserved example of Shinto architecture, serves as a lens to examine authenticity beyond structural preservation, highlighting societal concepts and cultural identity. The Eurocentric perspective embedded in discussions over authenticity reveals its roots through the Authorized Heritage Discourse (Smith 2006). This is a power structure shaping what qualifies as heritage, and the AHD reflects Western norms and ideals on building preservation which focuses on minimal intervention to maintain their original state. Accordingly, it follows that the term inherently incorporates a dualistic nature of being or not being authentic. From its first iteration in the 1964 Venice Charter, the meaning of authenticity has evolved also in international organizations, acknowledging its context-dependent nature. The research question seeks to redefine authenticity beyond its Eurocentric origins and to identify it as a fluid concept through the exploration of Taoyuan Martyrs'' Shrine. The study draws upon postcolonial theory, exploring hybridity and heteroglossia, to identify a form of authenticity which, in this case, is unique to Taiwan. This research aims to contribute to the limited literature on Taiwan and pave the way for English literature on Taoyuan Martyrs'' Shrine while offering a nuanced perspective on authenticity.