呂大臨天人思想研究

Abstract

本論文的寫作，探究宋人呂大臨的天人思想，希望能釐清呂大臨在思想史上的位置，補充或修正前人研究缺漏之處。第一章中，以其〈中庸〉前、後版本相比較，以見其晚期所發展的重禮思想，由〈初本解〉重視個人德性涵養，擴充為〈中庸後解〉中以虛明廣大的禮法秩序為本的禮教規模。第二章則以呂大臨《禮記解》《論語解》《孟子解》的思想與〈中庸後解〉相參照，分析呂大臨的知崇禮卑、擴充心量的心性工夫，以及對古禮的觀點。第三章，分析張載、二程、朱子思想與呂大臨的異同，以見出呂大臨對其師二程、張載的繼承與轉化，以及對朱子的影響。本文由呂氏重禮的角度觀察，對呂大臨在當代思想史研究中「心學先聲」的形象有所修正。

The thesis focuses on the thoughts of heaven and of man in the philosophy of Darling Lu, hoping to give a clearer view on the research of Chinese history of philosophy. In the first chapter, I compared two copies of Lu’s commentary on ‘Doctrine of the Mean, trying to figure out his mature thoughts which give more emphasis on Rites (Li 禮).And in the second chapter, the outcome of the first chapter was compared and referenced with other writings of Lu, (including his commentary on ‘Book of Rites, ‘The Analects of Confucius, ‘Mencius,) to analyse Lu’s concept of cultivation. In the last chapter, the thoughts of Ch’eng Brothers and Chang-tsai, which are resources of Lu’s thoughts, is compared with Lu’s to see what did Lu get from his teachers. And Lu’s thoughts of the Doctrine of Mean had great influence on Chu Hsi, the last part of this thesis also mae efforts to analyse Chu’s comments on the ‘Commentary on Doctrine of the Mean, written by Lu.