二接點紋理化鈣鈦礦/矽串聯型太陽能電池光學及電性優化之研究

Abstract

在本篇論文中，我們對鈣鈦礦/單晶矽串聯式太陽能電池進行了優化。首先嘗試將模擬模型的計算結果符合已發表的實驗元件效能，接著繼續優化這些結構，並探討優化鈣鈦礦/單晶矽串聯式太陽能電池後效能提升的可能性，其中包含了使用二維嚴格耦合波分析法(2D RCWA)求解器對電流匹配問題進行的光學優化，以及使用2D Poisson’s & drift-diffusion求解器(DDCC)對非輻射複合損耗和穿隧接面問題的電性優化。結構優化方面，我們嘗試在元件的不同層中加入三角形的紋理結構，根據模擬結果可發現相較於平面結構，全紋理結構可有效將反射掉的光電流密度從4.605 mA/cm2減少至2.096 mA/cm2。透過紋理結構優化並考慮電流匹配，與平面結構相比，效能最佳的紋理結構將Jsc從17.9 mA/cm2提高到20.87 mA/cm2，PCE從25.8%提升至35.9%。此外，若可將鈣鈦礦薄膜品質和穿隧接面的效率提升，能讓元件有較小的電壓損失，則元件整體的能量轉換效率可以可以進一步提升至38.13%，此結果顯示鈣鈦礦/單晶矽串聯式太陽能電池在未來還有很大的進步空間。最後我們得知對於不同紋理結構的優化可以透過我們的模型模擬。

In this thesis, we optimized perovskite/silicon tandem solar cells (TSCs). We try to fit our simulation model into published experimental work. After that, we try to optimize these structures and check the possibility of optimizing this tandem solar cell. This includes the optical optimization for the current matching condition using the 2D Rigorous coupled-wave analysis (2D-RCWA) solver and electrical optimization, including the nonradiative loss and tunneling junction issues with the 2D Poisson and drift-diffusion solver (2D-DDCC). In terms of structural optimization, we tried to add a triangular texture structure to different layers of the device. According to the simulation results, it can be found that compared with the planar structure, the fully textured structure can effectively reduce the reflected photocurrent density from 4.605 mA/cm2 to 2.096 mA/cm2. With the texture structure optimization and considering current matching, the optimal textured structure improves the short circuit current density (Jsc) from 17.9 mA/cm2 to 20.87 mA/cm2 compared to the planar structure. It also improves the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 25.8% to 35.9% with a design texture structure and the current matching condition. Furthermore, if the quality of the referenced perovskite thin film and tunneling junction efficiency with a smaller voltage penalty can be improved, the efficiency can be further improved to 38.13%. This indicates that this tandem solar cell still has much room for improvement. Finally, it is concluded that the optimization of texture structure can be carried out through our simulation model.