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標題: | 當下中國「生態博物館」概念與城鄉發展的關聯性探析: 以安吉縣的博物館群為例 An Analysis of correlation between the concept of "Eco-museum" and urban-rural development in China today: Taking the Museum Group in the Anji County as an Example |
作者: | 姚之璇 Zhi-Xuan Yao |
指導教授: | 林家暉 Francis Chia-Hui Lin |
關鍵字: | 地方感,博物館化,包容性,安吉生態博物館群,中國城鄉發展, Sense of Place,Musealization,Inclusiveness,Anji Eco-Museum cluster,urban-rural development in China, |
出版年 : | 2024 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 本研究以安吉縣的博物館群為案例,探究當下中國「生態博物館」概念與城鄉發展的關聯性。自上世紀八十年代生態博物館概念傳入中國,經歷了第一代生態博物館的「中國化」和第二代生態博物館的「專業化」,安吉生態博物館的出現,代表著中國第三代生態博物館朝著「規劃現代化」方向發展。不同於中國第一、二代生態博物館,安吉生態博物館在博物館學範疇中的「地方」性質、在城鄉連結中的特殊性、在區域發展的包容性,所展現的不一樣的景觀,使得本研究之對象安吉生態博物館群變得特殊且重要。因此本研究認為,安吉生態博物館的發展與連結是基於安吉城鄉空間發展的重要文化能動性再現,是存在於當下中國的特殊方式。基於此論點,本研究從新博物館學和空間規劃領域入手,從理論上回顧生態博物館的概念,突出其「地方感」(Sense of place)的論述,分析地方感隨著主體的不同而展現的不同樣貌,進而引入「博物館化」(Musealization)概念,以構連博物館與地方,分析博物館化與區域進程的關係,認為博物館化是一個規劃的過程,最後從「包容性」(Inclusiveness)的概念著手,去討論博物館與地方發展之間的關係。在田野研究中,分別以地方感、博物館化和包容性之間的關係作為側重點,論述在安吉縣內的博物館、地方規劃和發展的過程與現狀,首先以博物館學之下安吉生態博物館群的建立做鋪陳,討論博物館的價值與實踐,和其過程中在地居民的身份轉變;其次,將博物館放置於城鄉環境中,討論安吉城鄉空間博物館化的過程,認為這是具有階段性的城鄉改造,同時由於政策的介入,也帶來了政策博物館化;最後以包容性發展的視角,討論安吉城鄉發展,經濟包容性帶來的擴大參與,為當地創造價值,「安吉模式」的市場化和分配制度,也將在地居民與外來創業者也納入其中,共創、共享價值。最終,博物館化構連起地方感和包容性,地方感經由的博物館化和包容性的影響,是一個向內和向外的發展過程,而空間博物館化和政策博物館化的過程,也刺激了城鄉經濟發展的可能,但也因此湧現出形象經濟。因此本研究得出結論生態博物館概念是在當下中國的社會經濟及文化政治脈絡下扮演文化主體的一種特殊標記,並經由這種特殊標記的情狀介入城鄉空間發展產生特殊的地緣性經驗,安吉生態博物館群作為一個統一的文化載體,在城鄉中的發展,是經由「地方感」、「博物館化」和「包容性」三者的迴圈關係促成的,為中國生態博物館和當前中國城鄉發展提供經驗性觀點,並以此對話新博物館學和空間規劃領域。 This study takes the museum cluster in Anji County as a case study, exploring the relationship between the current concept of "eco-museums" in China and urban-rural development. Since the introduction of the concept of eco-museums into China in the 1980s, it has undergone the "Sinicization" of the first generation of eco-museums and the "professionalization" of the second generation. The emergence of the Anji Eco-Museum represents the development of the third generation of eco-museums in China towards "planned modernization." Unlike the first and second generations of eco-museums in China, the Anji Eco-Museum exhibits a different landscape in the field of museology, characterized by its "local" nature, specificity in urban-rural connections, and inclusiveness in regional development, making the Anji Eco-Museum cluster a unique and significant subject for this study. Therefore, this study argues that the development and connection of the Anji Eco-Museum are based on the important cultural agency representation in Anji''s urban-rural spatial development. It is a unique manifestation in contemporary China. Building upon this argument, the study, starting from the fields of new museum studies and spatial planning, theoretically reviews the concept of eco-museums, highlighting the discourse of "Sense of Place", analyzing the different manifestations of Sense of Place with different subjects. Subsequently, the study introduces the concept of "Musealization" to establish connections between museums and places, analyzing the relationship between musealization and regional processes, considering musealization as a planning process. Finally, the study focuses on the concept of "Inclusiveness" to discuss the relationship between museums and local development. In the field research, the relationships between Sense of Place, Musealization, and Inclusiveness are emphasized, discussing the processes and current situations of museums, local planning, and development in Anji County. Firstly, under the field of museology, the establishment of the Anji Eco-Museum cluster is discussed, exploring the values and practices of museums and the identity transformation of local residents during the process. Secondly, placing museums in the urban-rural environment, the process of musealization of urban-rural spaces in Anji is discussed, considering it as a staged urban-rural transformation and also resulting in policy musealization due to policy intervention. Finally, from the perspective of inclusive development, the study discusses the urban-rural development in Anji, the expanded participation brought by economic inclusiveness, the creation of value for the local community, the marketization and distribution system of the "Anji Model", involving both local residents and external entrepreneurs in value co-creation and sharing. Ultimately, musealization connects Sense of Place and Inclusiveness. The impact of Sense of Place through musealization and inclusiveness is a development process both internally and externally. The processes of spatial musealization and policy musealization stimulate the possibility of urban-rural economic development but also give rise to the emergence of image economy. Therefore, this study concludes that the concept of ecological museums serves as a unique marker for cultural subjects in the socio-economic and cultural-political context of contemporary China. Through the intervention of this unique marker, Anji Eco-Museum cluster, as a unified cultural carrier, develops in urban-rural areas through the cyclic relationship of "Sense of Place", "Musealization", and "Inclusiveness". It provides experiential perspectives on Chinese ecological museums and current urban-rural development in China, engaging in a dialogue with the fields of new museum studies and spatial planning. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/91372 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202400094 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 建築與城鄉研究所 |
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ntu-112-1.pdf | 4.24 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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