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標題: | 跨世紀的亞太營運中心計畫—回顧與展望, 一個初步觀察 A Cross-Century Plan, “Building Taiwan as an Asia-Pacific Regional Operations Center”: Retrospect and Prospect, A Preliminary Review |
作者: | 張崴 Wei Chang |
指導教授: | 薛琦 Chi Schive |
共同指導教授: | 周治邦 Jyh-bang Jou |
關鍵字: | 亞太營運中心計畫,區域經濟整合,政黨輪替,自由化,全球化, Asia-Pacific Operations Center Plan,Regional Economic Integration,Party Alternation,Liberalization,Globalization, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 「發展台灣成為亞太營運中心計畫」是李登輝政府執政時期的重要經濟發展戰略,希望將臺灣打造成區域經濟整合的平台,吸引國際企業在此設立區域營運總部。計畫內的改革措施以自由化與國際化為核心,分三階段執行完成,最後一階段的工作,跨過臺灣首次政黨輪替,至扁政府執政時期繼續推動。
本研究將透過追蹤計畫的執行過程,聚焦三個問題:「亞太營運中心計畫為30年後的臺灣,帶來什麼影響?」、「亞太營運中心各項計畫是否達成原定目標,還是存在受到政黨輪替的制肘,被迫擱置或無疾而終的部分?」、「有哪些現正推動或熱門討論的重大政策,延續亞太營運中心計畫的精神,且仍有其發展必要?」 結論是1. 根據經濟部統計目前已有322家區域營運總部位於臺灣,而亞太營運中心計畫的各項改革措施,除了列舉之細項外,最大的貢獻是使得臺灣得法制建設,能符合世界貿易組織(WTO)的規範,最終成功加入WTO。2. 整體亞太營運中心計畫之完成程度極高,經本研究追蹤計算原先預定要推動修正或制訂的121部法案、170項行政命令及115項行政措施,結果表明其總體完成率達96.4%,其中海運、電信及媒體中心的政策更是全數推動完成。剩餘之3.6%為6項法案,雖未達成,但無法得出受到政黨輪替制肘的結論。為何撼動國家級計畫並不容易,本研究認為當時的臺灣政府內部乃至民間,經過近十年的淬鍊,早已將亞太營運中心的概念內化成自身想法,使得計畫大方向乃至細節,皆無法簡單的因為舵手不同而被改變。3. 亞太營運中心的核心精神:自由化與國際化,必當延續以作為臺灣繼續進步的動力,目前正快速發展的「桃園航空城」及尚處雛型階段的「自由經濟示範區」,都是亞太營運中心計畫原先即已想定要達成的目標,至今仍在推動中。 本研究於第一章回到1990年代的臺灣了解當下的發展背景,並整理過去學者的研究,為臺灣為何適合建設成為亞太營運中心提供論據。第二章的一、二節介紹行政院推出亞太營運中心計畫,第三節回顧在李登輝主政時期的辦理情形。第三章聚焦首次政黨輪替後的情況,第一節追蹤各項列管法案、行政命令及行政措施的後續推動情況,第二節盤點預定目標的完成度,第三節則列舉目前臺灣的各項客觀指標,以衡量計畫開始推動後,臺灣今日的發展。第四章則為整篇研究的結果,進行推論及總結,並對後續研究提供些許建議。 The “Building Taiwan as an Asia-Pacific Regional Operations Center” was an important economic development strategy of the Taiwan government in the 1990s. Its aim was to make Taiwan a platform for regional economic integration and attract international companies to set up regional operating headquarters in Taiwan. Economic reforms, associated with this Project, with liberalization and internationalization at their core, were implemented in three stages. The last stage of work went through the first Party Alternation in Taiwan and continued until the Chen Shui-bian government (early 2000s). This research focuses on three questions following the implementation process of the project: "What impact did the Asia-Pacific Operations Center plan bring to Taiwan in the past 30 years?", "Did the project achieve its original goal, or was it hindered by the Party Alternation? Was there any part that was forced to be shelved or ended?", "What are the major policies that have been promoted or hotly discussed that continue the spirit of the Asia-Pacific Operations Center Plan and have relevance for the present day economy? " My conclusion is the following: 1. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, there are currently 322 regional operating headquarters located in Taiwan. Various reform measures of the Asia-Pacific Operation Center Project are presented in detail; their biggest contribution was to enable Taiwan to build a legal system that can comply with World Trade Organization (WTO) norms, and eventually successfully join the WTO. 2. The degree of completion of the project is extremely high. The present analysis shows that of 121 bills, 170 administrative orders and 115 administrative measures that were originally scheduled to be revised or enacted, the overall completion rate is 96.4%. The reform of the shipping, telecommunications and media spheres was fully completed. The remaining 3.6% are 6 bills. Although they have not been completed, it cannot be concluded that they were restricted by the Party Alternation. While it is not easy to shake the national plan, this study believes that the Taiwanese government and even the people at that time had already internalized the concept of the Asia-Pacific operations center into their own ideas after nearly ten years of osmosis influence. As a result, the direction of the plan or even the details cannot be changed simply because of different helmsmen. 3. The spirit of the Asia-Pacific Operation Center Plan: Liberalization and internationalization must continue as the driving force for Taiwan's ongoing development. "Taoyuan Aerotropolis", which currently evolves rapidly, and "Free Economic Pilot Zones", a project which is still in its infancy, both were among the targets of Asia-Pacific Operation Center Plan. In the first chapter of this study, we go back to Taiwan of the 1990s in order to understand the development background at that time. An overview of past scholars' research is provided, explaining why Taiwan is suitable for becoming an Asia-Pacific operation center, and their arguments are analyzed. Sections 1 and 2 of Chapter 2 introduce the Executive Yuan's "Building Taiwan into an Asia-Pacific Operation Center Plan", and Section 3 reviews the implementation of the plan during the Lee Teng-hui administration. Chapter 3 focuses on the situation after the first party rotation. The first section checks the revision of "bills", "administrative orders" and "administrative measures". The second section calculates the completion rate of the original goal. The third section lists the current objective indicators of Taiwan in order to evaluate its development after the Project started and till the present time. The fourth chapter concludes the study and offers suggestions for a follow-up research. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/90173 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202303095 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 國家發展研究所 |
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