域名扣押—以停止解析為中心 (DNS RPZ)

Abstract

在網路犯罪中，網域名稱(簡稱:域名)通常被用作指引非法網站，擴大犯罪 規模之工具。若想要控制非法網站不被一般大眾造訪，除了關閉系爭網站外，也可 以透過註銷域名，或是對域名「停止解析」來達成。停止解析能夠使我國網路使用 者於上網時，無法享有正常的解析上網服務。是以，即便該網站架設於境外伺服器， 或是網站域名註冊於境外，毋庸依賴司法互助，我國執法機關亦能夠透過停止解析， 以一己之力及時阻止犯罪。

惟停止解析於我國刑事偵查程序的運用，實務尚未建立穩定之見解及程序，對 於域名是否屬於扣押標的也存有疑惑，國內文獻亦較少就此討論。故本文以此為出 發，欲透過美國與澳洲法之比較分析，嘗試建立我國處置非法網站域名之法制。並 思考於現行法中，對域名發動扣押並以停止解析作為執行手段的合憲性。期許透過 本文之討論，能讓科技手段合法且正當的成為我國執法助力。

In the realm of cybercrime, domain names are commonly used as guides for illicit websites, facilitating the expansion of criminal activities. To control access to these illegal websites by the general public, apart from shutting down the contested websites, domain names can also be canceled or subjected to “DNS RPZ”. DNS RPZ prevents internet users in our country from accessing normal DNS resolution services. As a result, even if the website is hosted on a foreign server or its domain registered overseas, our law enforcement agencies can independently and promptly prevent cybercrime through DNS RPZ, rather than relying on international legal assistance.

However, the judicial practice hasn’t built up the standard procedures of DNS RPZ. Additionally, whether domain names can be subjected to seizure is also arguable, for there is limited domestic literature focusing on this matter. Therefore, this paper aims to develop the legal framework for regulating the DNS by referring to American and Australian laws. Following that, the constitutionality for domain name seizure in the practicing laws will also be examined. Hopefully, this paper will be a proper proposal for the law enforcement to apply technological means legally and legitimately.