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標題: | 廢食用油循環經濟策略中燃料化與材料化的環境效益評估 Assessing the Environmental Benefits of Recovery of Energy and Material as Circular Economy Strategies for Waste Cooking Oil |
作者: | 駱依琳 Yee-Lynn Low |
指導教授: | 馬鴻文 Hwong-wen Ma |
關鍵字: | 廢食用油,生命週期評估,氫化植物燃料油,聚丙烯, Waste cooking oil (WCO),Life cycle assessment (LCA),Hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO),Polypropylene (PP), |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 隨著人民的生活品質逐漸提高,食品安全也受到重視,加上人類飲食喜好的改變,促使了廢食用油(Waste Cooking Oil, WCO)的產量顯著增加。近年來,隨著技術的進步,人們開始將WCO作為可持續生質原料用於再生燃料和再生材料的生產中,從而最大限度地提高廢棄物的價值,同時解決了處理廢食用油的問題。以可再生原料取代新鮮化石能源的做法被廣泛認為是減少對化石能源開採、應對氣候變化以及緩解有限自然資源耗盡的可行解決方案。
現今的研究主要集中在個別的WCO利用途徑評估上,缺乏對不同途徑的直接比較。本研究旨在通過從生命週期評估 (Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) 評估WCO的兩個不同利用途徑,即燃料化與材料化兩者的環境效益。采用ReCiPe 2016方法得出三個損害類別、十八個影響類別,對兩個選定的可再生產品WCO-氫化植物燃料油 (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil, HVO) 和WCO-聚丙烯 (Polypropylene, PP) 進行評估。 研究結果表明,NEXBTL過程是WCO-HVO和WCO-PP生命週期中的一個重要的熱點。此外,研究顯示,與其化石燃料替代品相比,所選的兩種可再生產品WCO-HVO和WCO-PP具有較低的環境影響。在人類健康、生態系統和資源稀缺等方面的損害程度上,WCO-HVO分別減少了37.67%、36.35%和91.20%,而WCO-PP分別減少了70.05%、65.31%和89.51%。然而,比較WCO-HVO和W CO-PP,後者被認為更為優選。在人類健康和生態系統方面,WCO-PP較WCO-HVO的減少了分別52.53%及33.33%。但在資源的部分,WCO-HVO 較WCO-PP 減少了52.62%。另一方面,研究結果還顯示,生產WCO-HVO和WCO-PP的整個生命周期中,相對於化石能源替代品,二者分別減少了5.29 %和55.76 %的二氧化碳排放量。 本研究的結果對於未來制定WCO資源政策與采用可持續廢棄物管理系統的決策者具有參考價值。在經濟可行性方面,這兩種利用途徑都有潛力通過銷售再生燃料和材料來產生收入。然而,收集和處理WCO成可用產品也需要成本。因此,決策者在制定WCO資源相關政策時應同時考慮環境和經濟因素。此外,還需要進一步研究其在大規模生產中的經濟可行性和技術可行性。 The growing consumption of vegetable oils by humans has resulted in an increase in the production of waste cooking oil (WCO). Instead of treating WCO as waste, recent technological advancements have made it possible to utilize WCO as a sustainable feedstock for the production of biofuels and biomaterials. This approach maximizes the value of biowastes while addressing the problem of disposal. Substituting the use of virgin fossil resources with renewable feedstocks is widely considered a viable solution to reduce the extraction of fossil resources, thereby combating climate change and mitigating the depletion of finite natural resources. While previous studies have primarily focused on evaluating individual utilization pathways for WCO, there is a lack of direct comparison among different pathways. Consequently, there is a need for a comparison that considers impact categories and assesses the environmental benefits and drawbacks of different utilization pathways. This study aims to evaluate WCO environmental benefits in two different utilization pathways, recovery of energy and material by cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA). Two selected renewable products namely WCO-hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and WCO-polypropylene (PP) were assessed using the ReCiPe 2016 v.1.06 methodology with three areas of protection at endpoint level and eighteen impact categories at midpoint level. Results indicate that the NEXBTL process is a significant area of concern throughout the entire life cycle of WCO-HVO and WCO-PP. Furthermore, the study shows that both selected renewable products, WCO-HVO and WCO-PP, exhibit lower environmental impacts compared to their fossil-based alternatives. In terms of damage to human health, ecosystems, and resource scarcity, WCO-HVO reduces these impacts by 37.67%, 36.35%, and 91.2% respectively, while WCO-PP reduces them by 70.05%, 65.31%, and 89.51%. However, when comparing WCO-HVO and WCO-PP, the latter is considered preferable. WCO-PP demonstrates greater reduction impact than WCO-HVO in terms of human health (52.53%) and ecosystem (33.33%). But in terms of resource utilization, WCO-HVO reduces the impact by 52.62% compared to WCO-PP. On the contrary, the findings further unveiled that the utilization of equivalent quantities of WCO feedstock for the production of WCO-HVO and WCO-PP throughout their life cycles resulted in significant reductions of CO2 emissions, amounting to 5.29% and 55.76% respectively, in comparison to their fossil-based alternatives. The findings of this study can provide valuable guidance for policymakers when formulating future resource policies for WCO in adopting sustainable waste management systems. In terms of economic feasibility, both utilization paths have potential to generate revenue from selling these renewable fuels and materials. However, there are also costs associated with collecting and processing WCO into usable products. Therefore, policymakers should consider both environmental and economic factors when formulating policies regarding WCO resources. Further research is also needed to explore their economic feasibility and technical feasibility for large-scale production. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88811 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202302596 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 環境工程學研究所 |
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