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Title: | 島語:馬祖書寫與臺灣文學史 Islands Speak: the Matsu Islands Writing in Taiwanese Literary History |
Authors: | 劉亦 Yi Liu |
Advisor: | 張俐璇 Li-Hsuan Chang |
Keyword: | 馬祖文學,軍中文學,懷鄉文學,地方文學,台灣文學史, Matsu literature,military literature,nostalgic literature,local literature,Taiwanese literary history, |
Publication Year : | 2023 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 馬祖在台灣的語境中長期和金門並置,「金馬獎」一語既是1962年政府鼓勵影壇效法前線官兵的堅忍,也是役男服役時最不願前往的刻苦地點。然而這也成為一種隱喻:馬祖除了黨國賦予的戰地地位,似乎再無其它;雖與金門並稱,又總受得到更多關注的金門之遮蔽。
值得注意的是,馬祖並未和台灣一同被割讓給日本,二戰時雖有日軍船艦停泊,但並沒有設置機構、施展統治的「日治時代」。馬祖在「一九四九」後才匯流進「中華民國/台灣」的政治及歷史框架,成為「共同體」的一員。作為「邊陲」外島,它如何和台灣文學史產生關聯?1992年葉石濤談論金門文學,認為金門應該不包括在台灣自決之路內;三十年後的今天,「不包括在內」的說法是否還成立?馬祖與台灣文學史的關係是什麼?如何連結、又產生什麼對話? 本研究試圖指出馬祖文學在台灣文學史的位置,它既和台灣文學緊密連動,卻也有自己的時區。藉由「雙元」與「多源而多元」史觀的視野,耙梳馬祖於「一九四九」匯入台灣,在其後的冷戰時代,不僅強化與中華民國/台灣兩者的關聯,亦使得具有傳統閩東文化的馬祖出現了軍事、閩南、原住民族的元素,列島文化多元並呈。也援引既存的島嶼論述,探究馬祖作為島嶼的地理、地緣等性質,如何帶來其文學作品的特殊風貌。 本研究將以三個既存於台灣文學史上的課題切入:「軍中文學」、「懷鄉文學」與「地方文學」,探勘馬祖文學的參與如何能更新、擴充台灣文學史之內涵。作為逼近紅色中國的前線島嶼,馬祖在不同世代的軍中作家筆下留下的戰地痕跡,從呼應國策到百無聊賴,擴充言必「反共」的軍中文學的視域;從1970年代開始橫跨至2009年的「懷鄉文學」,檢視馬祖如何既成為中華民國地理與歷史的中繼,又是作家身世的中繼,既「兩岸」對照,又承先啟後,豐富了「鄉」的含意;最後,看當代馬祖文學如何整理過去戰地政務乃至於白色恐怖的故事,在新時代記錄島嶼轉型的徬徨,並在徬徨中樹立起既是中華民國也是台灣,卻既質疑中華民國、也對台灣保持距離的「『合』而不同」的主體,發展出馬祖獨特的「地方文學」。 準此,馬祖文學不僅事實上早已生根於台灣文學史,也以其特殊的歷史境遇與地緣位置所發展出來的特殊文學風景,持續對話、擴充著文學史的重要概念,影響著台灣文學史的書寫;並以文學尋回自己的聲音,建構起若即若離、「合」而不同的主體。 In the Taiwanese context, the Matsu Islands have long been juxtaposed with Kinmen. For example, the name of Taiwan’s most prestigious film festival, the "Golden Horse Awards (Kin-Ma Awards)," originated from the frontline islands of Kinmen and Matsu. The name not only reflected the government’s intention in 1962 to encourage the film industry to follow the example of frontline soldiers, but the awards were also used to satirically refer to military service on the islands, representing the most arduous place that conscripts least desire to be stationed. However, the widespread use of such terms also contained an additional connotation: the Matsu Islands seemed to mean nothing more than its battlefield status bestowed by the party state. Despite often being mentioned alongside Kinmen, Matsu has always been overshadowed by the greater attention given to Kinmen. It is worth noting that Matsu was not ceded to Japan along with Taiwan. Although there were Japanese military vessels anchored in Matsu during World War II, there was no establishment of institutions or a "Japanese colonial era" exerting governance. Matsu only entered the political and historical framework of the "Republic of China/Taiwan" after 1949, thus becoming a member of the "national community." As a frontier outlying island, how does Matsu relate to the history of Taiwanese literature? In 1992, Yeh Shih-Tao discussed Kinmen literature, suggesting that Kinmen should not be included in the path to Taiwan's self-determination. Does this "exclusion" still hold true thirty years later? What is the relationship between Matsu and the history of Taiwanese literature? How do they connect and engage in dialogue? This research attempts to identify the position of Matsu literature in the history of Taiwanese literature. It is closely intertwined with Taiwanese literature, yet it has its own time zone. Through the perspectives of dualism and multiple sources/multiple histories, it examines how Matsu, whose history converged with Taiwan in 1949, not only strengthened its connection with the Republic of China/Taiwan during the subsequent Cold War era, but also incorporated diverse elements into its original Eastern Min culture, including military, Southern Min, and indigenous Taiwanese cultural elements, resulting in the coexistence of diverse cultural strands present in the archipelago. It also draws on existing island discourses to explore how the geographical and geopolitical nature of Matsu as an archipelago contributes to the distinctive features of its literary works. This research approaches the topic through three existing themes in Taiwanese literary history: "military literature," "nostalgic literature," and "local literature," exploring how the participation of Matsu literature can update and expand the content of Taiwanese literary history. As a frontline island on the doorstep of "Red China," Matsu has left its mark in works written by military writers from different generations, ranging from echoing national policies to mundane boredom, thereby expanding the horizons of military literature, which traditionally tended to focus on "anti-communist" messages. Starting from the 1970s and spanning until 2009, the theme of "nostalgic literature" examines how Matsu not only served as a geographical and historical midway for the Republic of China, but also as a midway for writers' backgrounds, as it served to contrast both sides of the strait, connecting past and present, while enriching the meaning of "homeland" in works of nostalgia. Lastly, this research explores how contemporary Matsu literature organizes stories from the Warzone Administration and White Terror era, particularly on how the works documented the islands’ bewildering transformation in the new era, and how the literary works established a subject that is simultaneously the Republic of China and Taiwan, nevertheless questioning the former while maintaining a distance from the latter This has led to a subject that is "united yet distinct”—leading to the development of a "local literature" that is unique to Matsu. Therefore, Matsu literature has not only taken root in the history of Taiwanese literature, but also through its unique historical circumstances and geographical location, developed a distinctive literary landscape. It continues to engage in dialogue with and expand important concepts in literary history, as well as influence the writing of Taiwanese literary history. Finally, Matsu also seeks to reclaim its own voice through literature, constructing a subject that is both attached and detached, "united" yet distinct. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88517 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202302573 |
Fulltext Rights: | 同意授權(全球公開) |
Appears in Collections: | 臺灣文學研究所 |
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