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標題: | 應用分時切換及頻率分集技術之三維及二維發射天線陣列以實現空間各位置在接收端旋轉下穩定接收之無線功率傳輸系統 Time Switching and Frequency Diversity for 3D & 2D Transmitter Antenna Arrays to Realize Stable Power Reception for Wireless Power Transmission System under Receiver Rotation and Location Variation |
作者: | 曾敬雅 Ching-Ya Tseng |
指導教授: | 盧信嘉 Hsin-Chia Lu |
關鍵字: | 無線功率傳輸,橫向錯位,角度錯位,多傳送端,頻率分集,無線感測網路,微型飛行器, wireless power transmission,lateral misalignment,angular misalignment,multiple transmitters,frequency diversity,wireless sensor networks,micro aerial vehicles, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 近年來因科技發展迅速,電子設備和感測器的數量急遽攀升。但是,電池供電的設備有成本高、體積重量大,和需更換電池的侷限,也成為物聯網至今無法普及的原因之一。以微波的遠場無線功率傳輸技術因其有對環境更好的適應力與可一對多傳輸的特性,成為可解決一些物聯網供電問題的方法,特別在感測器供電上。然而,接收端容易受到位移及角度錯位導致接收功率不穩和不足,如何解決便是重要的課題。
以往無線功率傳輸技術對於位移及角度錯位的討論大多集中在以線圈傳輸之系統,相對的,本文對於基於微波輻射之無線功率傳輸進行分析與討論。首先分析了收發端場型以及極化對於接收功率之影響,以包含兩者影響之接收功率場型進一步分析其特性及數學形式。接著提出以頻率分集方式進行多發射器傳輸,並推導其接收功率形式,得到在夠長積分時間下有穩定之平均接收功率的結論,並相比分時切換之技術在同一時間內有更大的平均接收功率。 本文分別以頻率分集與分時切換之技術,建立二維及三維架構,推導其數學形式並分析其特性,包括其應用在生物飛行器之接收功率鏈結規劃。相對正交三發射架構,對稱雙極化八發射架構之穩定度提升不少,對位移之容忍度大幅提高。另外,亦分析在二維旋轉與一維旋轉之特性,以接收功率70 %以上為基準,相對對稱正交六發射架構,雙極化發射架構在一維旋轉時,可提升1.365倍之接收範圍。 本文並建立量測系統以量測頻率分集與分時切換架構之接收功率,系統主要包括功率偵測單元和空間姿態角度偵測單元,並且最後由資料儲存裝置讀取資料並進行數據分析。由均方根功率偵測器輸出之頻率分集的平均接收功率量測結果符合預期,並且各架構之量測結果大致符合模擬趨勢。 Due to the rapid development of technology in recent years, the number of electronic devices and sensors has increased dramatically. However, devices powered by batteries have cost, size, weight, and battery replacement limitations, which have become one of the reasons why the Internet of Things (IoT) has not yet been widely adopted. Microwave-based far-field wireless power transmission technology is a promising method to solve some of the power supply problems in IoT, especially for sensor power supply, due to its better adaptability to the environment and its ability to transmit to multiple devices. However, the receiving end is susceptible to displacement and angular misalignment, leading to unstable and insufficient received power, which is an important issue to solve. Previous discussions of wireless power transmission technology regarding displacement and angular misalignment mainly focused on coil transmission systems. In contrast, this thesis analyzes and discusses wireless power transmission based on microwave radiation. First, the impact of the field pattern and polarization on received power is analyzed, and the mathematical formulation of the received power pattern, which includes the influence of both factors, is further analyzed. Next, frequency diversity transmission is proposed, and its received power is derived. It is concluded that there is stable average received power under a sufficiently long integration time, and compared with time switching technology, frequency diversity transmission can provide larger average received power within the same time frame. In this thesis, two-dimensional and three-dimensional transmitter arrays are established for both frequency diversity and time switching technologies, and their mathematical formulations and characteristics are analyzed, including their application in power link budget for biological sensors. Compared with orthogonal three-transmitter structures, symmetrical dual-polarized eight-transmitter structures significantly improve stability and greatly increase tolerance to displacement. In addition, the characteristics of 2D and 1D rotation are also analyzed. For a reference received power of 70%, the dual-polarized transmitter structure can increase the receiving range by 1.365 times compared to the symmetrical orthogonal six-transmitter structure under 1D rotation. A measurement system is established in this thesis to measure the received power of frequency diversity and time switching structures, which mainly includes a power detection unit and a spatial attitude angle detection unit, and the data is read and analyzed by a data storage device. The measured results of the average received power of frequency diversity measured by the root-mean-square power detector are consistent with theoretical calculation, and the measurement results of each structure are generally consistent with the simulation results. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/88180 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202301656 |
全文授權: | 未授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 電信工程學研究所 |
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