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標題: | 審計委員會特質對GAAP盈餘可比較性、Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性之影響 The Effect of Audit Committee Characteristics on GAAP Earnings Comparability and Non-GAAP Earnings Comparability |
作者: | 陳芷晴 Chih-Ching Chen |
指導教授: | 劉啟群 Chi-Chun Liu |
關鍵字: | GAAP盈餘,Non-GAAP盈餘,可比較性,審計委員會,審計委員會人數,審計委員會財務專家, GAAP earnings,Non-GAAP earnings,Comparability,Audit committee,Audit committee size,Audit committee financial expert, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 近年來美國證券交易委員會(SEC)與審計品質中心(CAQ)不斷強調審計委員會對於Non-GAAP盈餘之監督職責。各公司在決定Non-GAAP盈餘調整項時可能有不一致之標準,使得Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性備受關注。本研究採用De Franco et al. (2011) 之可比較性衡量方法,將Endrawes et al. (2020) 對審計委員會與GAAP盈餘可比較性關係之研究延伸至Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性,探討審計委員會人數、審計委員會財務專家(採用SEC於2003年之定義)比例對GAAP盈餘與Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性之影響。
本研究以美國2003年至2020年資料為樣本,結果顯示,審計委員會人數對GAAP盈餘可比較性無影響,愈多人可加強監督力道,但也造成責任分散與運作無效率,此與Endrawes et al. (2020) 研究結果不同,因樣本組成不同;審計委員會財務專家可提升GAAP盈餘可比較性,因其懂得監督財務報導流程,此與Endrawes et al. (2020) 研究結果相近。審計委員會人數與審計委員會財務專家對Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性無總效果與直接影響,警示財務報表使用者須謹慎使用Non-GAAP盈餘。額外測試中主要發現:一、將可比較性之衡量改為僅關注前四大可比較公司之平均可比較性,審計委員會財務專家比例對Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性有直接與間接正向影響,可能係因審計委員會所關注之同業範圍並非整個產業。二、當審計委員會人數為八人(或以上)時,對GAAP盈餘可比較性有負向影響,對Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性有負向間接影響,代表過多成員將導致責任分散與流程不順暢。三、拆分子樣本期間後,審計委員會特質對以產業中位數衡量之Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性仍未有總效果與直接效果,顯示近期SEC與CAQ所表達的擔憂與建議仍未引起審計委員會對Non-GAAP盈餘可比較性之關注。 In recent years, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) and the Center for Audit Quality (CAQ) in the United States have continuously emphasized the supervisory responsibilities of audit committees over Non-GAAP earnings. Companies may have inconsistent standards when deciding on Non-GAAP earnings adjustments, making the comparability of Non-GAAP earnings a matter of concern. This study uses the comparability measurement method of De Franco et al. (2011), and extends Endrawes et al. (2020)’s research, which focuses on the relationship between audit committees and GAAP earnings comparability, to Non-GAAP earnings comparability. This study examines the effects of the number of audit committee members and the proportion of financial experts (using the definition of SEC in 2003) on both GAAP and Non-GAAP earnings comparability. Using data from 2003 to 2020 in the United States as the sample, the results show that the number of audit committee members does not affect GAAP earnings comparability. More members can strengthen supervision, but may lead to the dispersion of responsibilities and operational inefficiencies. This result is different from Endrawes et al. (2020) due to the different in sample compositions. The audit committee financial experts can improve GAAP earnings comparability because they understand how to supervise the financial reporting process. This result is similar to Endrawes et al. (2020). The number of audit committee members and audit committee financial experts have no total or direct effect on Non-GAAP earnings comparability, warning financial statement users to be cautious when using Non-GAAP earnings. In additional tests, this study found that: 1. Changing the measure of comparability to focus only on the average comparability of the top four comparable companies, the proportion of financial experts on the audit committee has a direct and indirect positive impact on Non-GAAP earnings comparability. This may be due to the scope of peers that the audit committee pays attention to is only part of the industry. 2. When the number of audit committee members is eight (or more), it will negatively impact GAAP earnings comparability and negatively indirect impact Non-GAAP earnings comparability, indicating that too many members will lead to dispersion of responsibility and the process that does not flow smoothly. 3. After splitting the sub-sample periods, the characteristics of the audit committee still have no total or direct effect on Non-GAAP earnings comparability measured by industry median, indicating that the concerns and recommendations expressed by the SEC and CAQ have not yet aroused the attention of audit committees to Non-GAAP earnings comparability. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/87804 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202300811 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 會計學系 |
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