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標題: | 民眾言論自由與政府反制流言的關聯性研究~以我國社會秩序維護法第63條第1項第5款為中心 A Study of the Relationship Between People's Freedom of Speech and Government's Countermeasures Against rumors. Focus on Subparagraph 5, Paragraph 1, Article 63 of Social Order Maintenance Act of Taiwan. (R.O.C.) |
作者: | 趙大同 Dah-Torng Chao |
指導教授: | 周繼祥 Jih-Shine Chou |
關鍵字: | 言論自由,流言,謠言,社會秩序維護法,反制, Freedom of Speech,Rumors,False Rumor,Social Order Maintenance Act,Countermeasures Against, |
出版年 : | 2023 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 民主國家中謠言與言論自由之間存在著復雜的關係。言論自由是一項重要的人權,有助於保護公民對政府的監督權,促進公開討論和思想交流。近年來,許多研究亦發現了謠言的負面影響。許多假消息和謠言在社交媒體上流傳,導致公眾的誤解和恐慌,許多國家都以此理由限縮民眾權力。然而研究發現英文Rumor的意涵,有真有假,中文翻譯應為流言更為真確。
如何在言論自由與言論責任中取得平衡,故本研究先透過文獻分析觀察近代國內外重大事件中,政府機關對於言論自由箝制的手法與策略為基礎,其後以國內社會秩序維護法第63條第1項第5款為中心,再透過量化統計內容分析探討民眾言論自由與政府反制流言的關聯性。研究發現:(一) 英文的Rumor華文翻譯為謠言有誤;(二) 因應時代與傳播科技的發展與變化,流言(Rumor)需要重新定義;(三)不同情境下,流言具有不同的意義與功能;(四) 容易受流言影響的人格特質;(五) 政府組織常以「國家生存」或「國家安全」為理由,箝制言論自由;(六) 依據我國社維法第63條第1項第5款102~111年之裁判案件,顯示我國警察機關移送相關案件,其建構不罰之原則始終似與法院存在差異;(七) 警察與法官對法之見解出現重大分歧,易造成法律明確性與安定性的影響;(八) 反制流言的最佳方法,不是限制而是以更開放的言論自由因應之。以避免政府反制流言過當,對民眾造成干擾而心生恐懼引發寒蟬效應,不敢暢所欲言,進而影響民眾言論自由。 There is a complex relationship between rumors and freedom of expression in democracies. Freedom of expression is an important human right that helps protect citizens' right to monitor their government and promotes open discussion and the exchange of ideas. In recent years, many studies have also found the negative effects of rumors. A lot of fake news and rumors spread on social media, causing public misunderstanding and panic, and many countries use this as a reason to limit the power of the people. However, research has found that the meaning of English Rumor is either true or false, and the Chinese translation should be more true. How to strike a balance between freedom of speech and responsibility for speech, so this study first observes the methods and strategies used by government agencies to suppress freedom of speech in major domestic and foreign events in modern times through literature analysis, and then Focus on Subparagraph 5, Paragraph 1, Article 63 of Social Order Maintenance Act. of Taiwan. (R.O.C.), and then through quantitative statistical content analysis, it discusses the correlation between the freedom of speech of the people and the government's countermeasures against rumors. The study found that, (a) The English translation of Rumor into Chinese is wrong. (b) In response to the development and changes of the times and communication technology, rumors need to be redefined. (c) Rumors have different meanings and functions in different situations. (d) Personality Traits Easily Influenced by Rumors. (e) Government organizations often restrict freedom of speech on the grounds of "national survival" or "national security". (f) The adjudication cases in accordance with Subparagraph 5, Paragraph 1, Article 63 of Social Order Maintenance Act. of Taiwan. (R.O.C.) from 102 to 111 years show that the relevant cases transferred by our country's police agencies, and the principle of non-punishment in their construction always seems to be different from that of the courts. (g) Significant differences in the views of the police and judges on the law may easily affect the clarity and stability of the law. (h) The best way to counter rumors is not to restrict but to respond to them with a more open freedom of speech. In order to avoid the government's excessive countermeasures against rumors, causing interference to the public and causing fear to cause a chilling effect, they dare not speak freely, which in turn affects the freedom of speech of the public. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/87765 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU202300798 |
全文授權: | 同意授權(限校園內公開) |
顯示於系所單位: | 國家發展研究所 |
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