社區型實境遊戲如何建構、解構與重構參與者的地方經驗與認同？大地遊戲與劇本遊戲個案分析

Abstract

本研究以社區為導向的實境遊戲作為研究對象，探究社區的實境遊戲如何影響參與者地方經驗與認同。在遊戲中，建構人與地方的情感連結，解構地方過去的經驗與認知，重構人與地方的關係連結。作為人與地方空間互動的媒介，以社區為導向的實境遊戲依據玩法機制可分為「大地遊戲」與「劇本遊戲」兩大類型。 首先，研究者參與體驗社區型實境遊戲《仙宮案前朵貓貓》與《北上海1950：風聲》，兩者都是由在地返鄉青年創作，遊戲愛好者與在地人共同參與。遊戲機制是基於角色扮演的探險闖關與推理解謎，透過故事將角色融入在地居民的生活圈，以此保留在地過去與現在的鄉土記憶，從而分析出以社區為導向的實境遊戲可以建構、解構與重構參與者的地方經驗與認同。 其次，研究者通過與跨領域參與者共同孵化社區實境遊戲的行動實驗，與返鄉青年共同創作融合線上與實境的多人角色扮演的劇本推理遊戲《歸來可「見」鄉？》。以修補濰坊牟家院村人與鄉村關係為目標建構在地連結，以遊戲化的方式解構與重構地方經驗與認同。 最後，研究者通過分析上述案例的參與者的地方經驗與認同的轉變過程，並依據參與式研究的實踐經驗，提出以社區為導向的遊戲化行動模式語言，以此回應實境遊戲如何建構、解構與重構參與者地方經驗與認同的核心發問。

This study takes community-oriented location-based games as targets and explores the ways that location-based games influence the place experiences and identities of participants. In the games, the emotional connections between people and places are constructed, the past experiences and perceptions of places are deconstructed, and the relationships between people and places are reconstructed. As a medium of interaction between people and places, community-oriented location-based games can be divided into two major types: “Wide Game” and “Script Game”. Firstly, researcher participates in the location-based games “Hide and seek at Xiangong” and “North Shanghai 1950: Wind Sound”, both of which are created by local youths returning to hometown, participated by game enthusiasts and local people. The game mechanics are based on role-playing adventure and puzzle solving. Through storytelling, the roles are integrated into the local community, thus preserving the local memory of the past and present, and thus analyzing that community-oriented location-based games can construct, deconstruct, and reconstruct local experiences and identities of the participants. Secondly, researcher incubated an action experiment of location-based games with cross-disciplinary participants. Researcher collaborates with returning youth to create an online and location-based multiplayer role-playing reasoning game, “Returning to the Hometown”, which targets to repair the relationship between the people and the villages in Weifang Mujiayuan village to construct local connections and deconstruct and reconstruct local experiences and identities in games-based ways. Finally, researcher analyzes the transformation process of local experiences and identities of the participants in the above cases, and proposes the model language of community-oriented games-based action based on the practical experience of participatory research, in order to respond to the core question of the ways location-based games construct, deconstruct and reconstruct the local experiences and identities of the participants.