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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 佳莉亞(Yulia Galagan) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Chang-Gang Huang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 黃誠剛 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-03-19T23:18:50Z | - |
| dc.date.copyright | 2022-07-12 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2022-07-01 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/85572 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 太陽能因為其豐沛的能量以及在能量轉換的過程中的零碳排，近年來在新興能源中得到了不少矚目。而在研究領域中，鈣鈦礦太陽能電池由於其低成本、能隙可控性且具有大量製造的潛力等優點，而在近代開始蓬勃發展。此外，為了突破單能隙太陽電池所能達到的效率極限，在元件中使用超過一個能隙的串疊型太陽能電池的概念也開始被提出，而鈣鈦礦的能隙可控性也讓該材料在此項應用上更具發展價值。太陽能電池為多種材料依序塗佈而成的半導體元件，其中不同材料間的異質接面在元件的轉換效率上有著莫大的影響。本篇論文首先針對元件中電洞傳輸層與鈣鈦礦層間的接面作探討，並在兩層間塗佈不同的材料作為鈍化層。而材料中分子上羧基的有無被發現對於整體元件的性質有非常大的影響，羧基被認為可以與基板上的氧化物鍵結，並與鈣鈦礦反應以鈍化其表面的缺陷。此外，在研究中還發現羧基的引入可以很大程度的改變薄膜的親水性，進而對鈣鈦礦的結晶性有所幫助，除了很大程度的增進了實驗的再現性，最終也提高了元件的轉換效率。 鈣鈦礦串疊型太陽能電池是從寬能隙元件開始發展的，在論文的最後延續了上個電洞傳輸層與鈣鈦礦接面的研究，再藉由調整鈣鈦礦材料中溴的含量來控制元件的能隙，用以達到模擬研究中寬能隙元件的最佳能隙範圍，並在沒有任何參雜以及後處理的情況下達到良好的轉換效率，使其為之後發展鈣鈦礦串疊型太陽能電池的基礎。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | The ubiquitous sunlight would be an important contributor to future energy consumption due to its vast abundance and zero-carbon emission when harvesting energy. Among all solar harvesting techniques, the low cost, tunable bandgap, and potential for future mass production make perovskite solar cells a popular research topic. Furthermore, in order to break the efficiency limit for single junction solar cells, the concept of tandem solar cells emerged in recent years. Therefore, perovskite with tunable bandgap shows huge potential in tandem application. Solar cell tandem devices are fabricated by depositing multiple layers sequentially, thus, the interfaces between the layers plays an important role in device performance. In this thesis, the interface between the hole transporting layer and perovskite was discussed and trying to coat a layer with different materials in between as a passivation layer. Result shows that the presence of carboxylic group in the material can largely affect the performance of device. Carboxylic group has ability to anchor the oxide and passivate perovskite surface at the same time, and resulting in a nice wetting property which not only improves the perovskite crystallinity but also shows a better reproducibility for solar cell devices. Perovskite tandem solar cells started from the development of wide bandgap devices. In the last part, the study of the passivation layer was extended to be used in wide bandgap perovskite solar cells. By controlling the Br ratio in the perovskite material, the bandgaps were tuned to the range which was the optimum obtained from simulations for wide bandgap devices. In the end, an efficient performance for wide bandgap devices were demonstrated to be a base for the research towards all-perovskite tandem solar cell. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2023-03-19T23:18:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 U0001-2706202202024000.pdf: 4460165 bytes, checksum: d7f15536b6145a9db404a88c661bc59b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | Acknowledgments i 摘要 ii Abstract iii Contents v List of Figures viii List of Tables xii Chapter 1 Introduction and literature review 1 1-1. Energy sources 1 1-2. Renewable energy 3 1-3. Perovskite photovoltaics 4 1-4. Device architecture of PSCs 7 1-5. The device characterization 9 1-6. Shockley–Queisser limit 10 1-7. Tandem solar cells 11 1-7-1. Configuration of tandem solar cell 12 1-7-2. Materials and bandgap tuning of tandem solar cell 14 1-8. Literature review of all-perovskite tandem solar cell 17 1-8-1. Double-junction all-perovskite tandem solar cells 17 1-8-2. Triple-junction all-perovskite tandem solar cells 19 1-9. Interfaces of tandem solar cells 21 1-9-1. HTL/perovskite 22 1-9-2. ETL/perovskite 24 1-9-3. Recombination layer in 2-T tandem solar cells 24 1-10. Motivation and objective 27 Chapter 2 Experimental section 28 2-1. Chemicals 28 2-2. Instruments 29 2-3. Materials preparation and device fabrication 31 2-3-1. Cleaning of substrates 31 2-3-2. Solution preparation 31 2-3-3. Device fabrication 32 2-4. Current-voltage measurement of PSCs 34 Chapter 3 Results and discussion 35 3-1. Cu:NiOx/perovskites interface passivation 37 3-1-1. Passivation layer materials 37 3-1-2. Characteristics of passivation layers 38 3-1-3. Characteristics of perovskite layer on passivation layers 43 3-1-4. Performance of perovskite solar devices 49 3-1-5. Light intensity analysis 57 3-2. Bandgap tuning and device fabrication for wide bandgap PSC 61 Chapter 4 Conclusion 65 Chapter 5 Recommendation 66 References 69 List of Figures Figure 1-1. Primary energy consumption is measured in terawatt-hours (TWh). Here an inefficiency factor (the 'substitution' method) has been applied for fossil fuels, meaning the shares by each energy source give a better approximation of final energy consumption.73 2 Figure 1-2. Evolution of global temperature (black), atmospheric CO2 concentration (red), CO2 in air trapped in Antarctic ice cores (blue) and solar activity (yellow) from 1960 to 2020.74 2 Figure 1-3. Energy payback time for seven PV modules. P-1 represents the TiO2 perovskite module; P-2 represents the ZnO perovskite module. The estimations are based on rooftop-mounted installation, Southern European insolation, 1.70×103 kWh/m2/year, and a performance ratio of 0.750.75 3 Figure 1-4. Illustration of a cubic ABX3 perovskite crystal structure, where the red atoms represent the X. 5 Figure 1-5. Highest confirmed conversion efficiencies for research cells for a range of photovoltaic technologies, plotted from 1976 to the present.76 6 Figure 1-6. Regular n-i-p PSC (left) and inverted p-i-n (right) architecture in PSCs.77 8 Figure 1-7. Band diagram and main processes of PSC: 1 Absorption of photon and free charges generation; 2 Charge transport; 3 Charge extraction.77 8 Figure 1-8. The regular current-voltage curve with few characteristic points 9 Figure 1-9. Illustration of thermalization loss and transmission loss of Shockley–Queisser limit. 10 Figure 1-10. Shockley–Queisser limit for a solar cell with a cell temperature of 300K illuminated by a black body (BB) with a surface temperature of 6000 K (black curve) compared to the detailed balance limit for standard solar cell test conditions (Tc = 298.15 K, AM 1.5G). fc = 1 means there are no non-radiative recombination paths. 11 Figure 1-11. Illustration of sunlight absorbed by tandem solar cell. 12 Figure 1-12. Illustration of two connection strategies for tandem solar cells a) 4-T structure and b) 2-T structure78 13 Figure 1-13. Efficiency limits for tandem solar cells. a) 2-T and b) 4-T tandem structure. Contour lines and corresponding power conversion efficiency (%) are depicted.57 c) Simulated minimum JSC of a 2T PTSC as a function of active layer thickness. The dashed line represents the current-matching condition. 14 Figure 1-14. Bandgap vs perovskite composition for the CsxFA1−xPb(BryI1−y)3 compositional space, showing a change in Cs along the x axis and a change in Br from 5 to 30% as separate lines.28 15 Figure 1-15. bandgap variation of the MASn1-xPbxI3 solid solution perovskites. 25 to 75% tin mixed perovskites possess a lower optical bandgap, when compared to the two end members. 15 Figure 1-16. The efficiency progress of 2-T and 4-T all-perovskite tandem solar cells from 2016 to 202279. 19 Figure 3-1. Diagram of the energy levels of a typical inverted PSC. 36 Figure 3-2. Molecular structures of passivation materials. a) PTAA, b) P3HT and c) P3HTCOOH 38 Figure 3-3. Architecture of PSC used in this work. 39 Figure 3-4. UV-vis measurement of passivation layers. 40 Figure 3-5. UV-vis measurement for different concentration of P3HTCOOH. 40 Figure 3-6. Contact angles on the PTAA, P3HT, P3HTCOOH and Cu:NiOx with the solvent of perovskite precursor solution. 41 Figure 3-7. Picture of perovskite coated on top of hydrophobic surface. 42 Figure 3-8. SEM images of perovskite films on top of different passivation layers 43 Figure 3-9. AFM height of perovskite films on top of different passivation layers 45 Figure 3-10. Steady-state PL of perovskite films on HTL with passivation layer. 46 Figure 3-11. TRPL decay characteristics of the perovskite films on HTL with passivation layer. 47 Figure 3-12. Architecture of complete PCS which used in this work. 49 Figure 3-13. Performance of devices with different concentration of P3HT. 50 Figure 3-14. Performance of devices with different concentration of P3HTCOOH. 51 Figure 3-15. Performance of devices with different passivation layer. 54 Figure 3-16. Current-voltage curves of different passivation layer sample. 55 Figure 3-17. Maximum power point tracking for different passivation layer sample. 55 Figure 3-18. External quantum efficiency (EQE) spectra and integrated current for different passivation layer samples. 56 Figure 3-19. Light intensity measurement of devices with different passivation layers. 58 Figure 3-20. Ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) for wide bandgap perovskites. 62 Figure 3-21. Performance of device with wide bandgap perovskites. 64 List of Tables Table 2-1. List of materials used in this research. 28 Table 2-2. List of instruments used for characterization 29 Table 3-1. Fitted Parameters of Photoluminescence Decay Curves of the perovskite films on HTL with passivation layer. 48 Table 3-2. Performance parameters for different passivation layer samples. 54 Table 3-3. Offset points of absorption and bandgaps for wide bandgap perovskites. 63 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.subject | 寬能隙太陽能電池 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 接面 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 電洞傳輸層鈍化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 羧基 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 串疊型太陽能電池 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | perovskite solar cell | en |
| dc.subject | hole transporting layer passivation | en |
| dc.subject | interface | en |
| dc.subject | wide bandgap solar cell | en |
| dc.subject | carboxylic group | en |
| dc.subject | tandem solar cell | en |
| dc.title | 全鈣鈦礦串疊型太陽能電池之接面與能隙優化 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Interface and bandgap optimization toward all-perovskite tandem solar cell | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 110-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 蔡豐羽(Feng-Yu Tsai),劉振良(Cheng-Liang Liu) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 鈣鈦礦太陽能電池,電洞傳輸層鈍化,接面,羧基,串疊型太陽能電池,寬能隙太陽能電池, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | perovskite solar cell,hole transporting layer passivation,interface,carboxylic group,tandem solar cell,wide bandgap solar cell, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 76 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202201132 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2022-07-04 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 材料科學與工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2022-07-12 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 材料科學與工程學系 | |
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