外籍看護工華語自學教材之研究與編寫初探

Abstract

近年來臺灣的長照人力需求不斷上升，許多家庭選擇雇用外籍看護工來協助需要長期照護的家人。然而，看護工來臺前只受過簡短的中文能力訓練，來臺後便需立刻與雇主家庭同住，且長時間與被照護人相處、執行照護工作、處理家人交辦的事項。因此，擁有良好的語言溝通能力對看護工來說至關重要。本論文的研究目的為探討如何編寫適合外籍看護工的華語自學教材，讓時間或學習資源較少的看護工，也能透過自學教材增進中文能力。 為了設計符合學習者需求的主題大綱，本論文藉由文獻探討、非正式訪談與需求分析，深入了解看護工的工作內容和學習習慣，並將看護工所需具備的語言能力主題分為四類：1.生活技能、2.居家家務、3.照護技能與知識、4.關心與陪伴。另外，為了更了解移工華語和自學教材的編寫特色，也回顧了《外籍看護工中文基礎訓練課程教材》和《印尼人學華文不求人》兩本移工華語教材，並分析了《好看護的第一本速查手冊》，認識看護需要的照護知識與技巧。最後，利用華語教材、自學教材和專業華語教材的編寫原則與特點，針對學習主題進行看護華語教材的內容規劃。 綜合以上資料的蒐集與探討，本論文規劃的看護工華語自學教材分成四個主題、十二個單元、四十二課，並提供一課完整內容做為教材範例。針對此教材的編寫設計，提出五項特點，分別為；1.針對性強、2.主題式內容編排、3.適合自學、4.單元學習量小以提高學習動機、5.兼顧生活、家務與照護專業。

In recent years, Taiwan’s long-term care manpower demand has continued to rise. Foreign nursing workers only receive brief Chinese training before coming to Taiwan, and right after coming to Taiwan, they need to live with the employer’s family, perform care work, and handle matters assigned by the family. Therefore, having good language communication skills is very crucial for nursing workers. The purpose of this paper is to explore how to compile Chinese self-instruction material suitable for foreign nursing workers, so that nursing workers with less time or learning resources can also improve their Chinese skills. This thesis has gained an in-depth understanding of the work content and learning habits of nursing workers based on literature review, non-official interview and need analysis, and divide the language skills required into four categories: 1. life skills, 2. housekeeping, 3. nursing skills and knowledge, 4. caring and companionship. To better understand the feature of compiling Chinese self-instruction material, we also reviewed two Chinese textbooks and a nursing textbook written for migrant workers. At last, combining principles and features of Chinese textbooks, self-instruction material and Chinese for specific purposes to design the material. The material for nursing workers planned in this paper is divided into four themes, twelve units, and 42 lessons. Five characteristics are used in designing this material, which are: 1. Highly targeted, 2. Thematic content arrangement, 3. Suitable for self-study, 4. Small unit learning volume, improve learning Motivation, 5. Take care of daily-life, housework, and nursing.