臺灣隨扈警衛制度之政經分析，1925-2021

Abstract

臺灣隨扈警衛制度可分為「特種勤務」與「首長安全警衛」，兩者從其歷史脈絡可知，皆受到強烈的政治、經濟因素影響，且在組織、制度的形成、運作及變遷上都隱含特定的「偏差」。因此，本文嘗試以「歷史結構觀點」和「政治經濟觀點」分析，探究特種勤務與首長安全警衛間，在特定的時空背景下，所面臨的機會與限制。 特種勤務以國家元首安全維護為中心，首長安全警衛則以中央政府機關首長以及特定人士為重點，加上臺灣的隨扈警衛制度，從歷史脈絡以觀，皆以美國祕勤局為重要參考對象；因此，本文亦比較與美國祕勤局間之異同。 另外，在法制方面，特種勤務與首長安全警衛早期並無明確的法律規範，前者直至2012年，才有法律位階的依據，但就現有條文及實務而言，仍有尚待改善之處；而後者則僅有行政命令作為執勤的基礎。是以，當與民眾的基本權利發生衝突時，常有鬧上新聞版面的情事發生，也是當前亟待改善的地方。 最後，本文總結並歸納出現行的困境，以及從組織面及法制面提出可供參考的建議，藉以完善臺灣隨扈警衛的制度。

Taiwan's security to the heads can be divided into 'special services' and 'chief security guards'. From their historical contexts, it can be seen that both are strongly influenced by political and economic factors, and there are specific 'bias' implied in the formation, operation, and changes of the organization and system. Therefore, this research attempts to explore the opportunities and limitations between special services and chief security guards in a specific spatial and temporal context by analyzing them from the 'historical structure' and 'political-economic'. Special services centered on the security of the head of state, while chief security guards are the focus of the central government and specific persons. Besides, Taiwan's security to the heads is historically based on the U.S. Secret Service; therefore, this research also compares the similarities and differences with the U.S. Secret Service. In addition, in terms of the legal system, there was no clear legal regulation for special services and chief security guards in the early days, and the former did not have a legal basis until 2012, but there is still room for improvement in terms of the existing provisions and practices; and the latter only has administrative orders as the basis for duty. Therefore, when conflicts arise with the basic rights of the public, there are often cases that make the news, and this is an area that needs to be improved. Finally, this research summarizes the current dilemma and proposes suggestions from the organizational and legal aspects in order to improve the system of security to the heads in Taiwan.