紅、遠紅光比例與綠光占比對植物工廠內香波綠萵苣栽培之影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討不同紅、遠紅比例對香波綠萵苣生長之影響，以可調式紅、白 LED 燈管與可調式紅、遠紅 LED 燈管作為光源，於全人工光型植物工廠栽培香波綠萵苣，並在相近紅、遠紅比例下，進一步調整綠光之占比，嘗試找出最適合香波綠萵苣生長之光譜，以電力產能 (EY)、光子產能 (PY) 與單位面積年產量作為評估不同處理組香波綠萵苣生長效能之量化指標。

實驗設計分四部分做探討：1. 不同紅、遠紅比例，2. 不同綠光占比，3. 兩階段不同紅、遠紅比例加不同綠光占比，4. 兩階段不同紅、遠紅比例，實驗共計 17 個處理組。首先在不同紅、遠紅比例試驗結果以紅、遠紅比例為 1.86 有最佳之相對生長速率，綜合黃 (2021) 研究比較，本研究紅、遠紅比例 (1.86) 與黃 (2021) 研究之最佳紅、遠紅比例 (2.13) 比起有更高之相對生長速率 (RGR)。而後以不同紅、遠紅比例試驗結果，進一步設計不同綠光占比與階段式調光之試驗。最終結果以平均光量為 250 µmol·m-2·s-1、紅、遠紅比例為 1.94 與綠光占比為 28% 的光譜有最佳之電力產能 (EY)、光子產能 (PY) 與單位面積年產量，其值分別為 157.8 g·kWh-1、34.9 g·mol-1 與 197.7 kg·m-2·year-1，和無添加遠紅光之紅白光對照組比較，分別提升了 24%、47% 與 44%。

本研究建立了紅、遠紅比例在 0.68 至 10.86 區間之相對生長速率之趨勢圖，並以此區間中最好之處理組做不同延伸試驗之研究，找出在相近之紅、遠紅比例，更改綠光占比與階段式調光對香波綠萵苣生長之影響，本研究對在植物工廠栽培香波綠萵苣提供具參考價值之栽培模式。

The purpose of this study is to investigate on effects of red to far-red ratio on the growth of Ice Queen (also named Green Flame) Lettuce. Red and white LED (RW) and red and far-red LED (RFr) were used as light source to cultivate Ice Queen Lettuce in plant factory with artificial lighting (PFAL). The goal further aims to find out the best spectrum on the growth of Ice Queen Lettuce by adjusting the proportion of green light under similar red to far-red ratio. The production efficiencies of different treatments were assessed with three quantitative indicators, energy yield (EY), photon yield (PY), and annual yield per unit area.

The experiments are divided into four parts: 1. red to far-red ratio. 2. proportion of green light. 3. Two stages of red to far-red ratio plus proportion of green light. 4. Two stages of red to far-red ratio. There are totally 17 treatment groups in the experiments. Firstly, the treatment, red to far-red ratio at 1.86, had the highest relative growth rate (RGR) and also was higher than the best treatment (Huang, 2021), red to far-red ratio at 2.13. Based on the experiment of red to far-red ratio, this study further designed proportion of green light and staged spectrum adjustment experiments. Results showed that photosynthetic photon flux density was 250 µmol·m-2·s-1, red to far-red ratio at 1.94, and proportion of green light at 28 percent had the best performance on EY (157.8 g·kWh-1), PY (34.9 g·mol-1), and annual yield (197.7 kg·m-2·year-1) per unit area. The best treatment increased 24%, 47%, and 44%, respectively compared to red and white light control group without far-red.

This study established trend of relative growth rate vs. red to far-red ratio ranging from 0.68 to 10.86 and had extended experiments based on the best treatment in this interval to investigate on effects of proportion of green light under similar red to far-red ratio and staged spectrum adjustment on the growth of Ice Queen Lettuce. This study provided valuable information for the cultivation of Ice Queen Lettuce in PFAL.