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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 蔡政修(Cheng-Hsiu Tsai) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Cheng-Han Sun | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 孫正涵 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2022-11-25T03:05:53Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2024-10-31 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2021-11-02 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2021 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2021-10-27 | |
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/81889 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 古生物復原以古生物學、比較解剖學及親緣關係學等基礎研究為根據，藉由化石的骨骼形態研究一路依序重建出肌肉及表皮等軟組織，試圖讓我們可以「看到」已滅絕的動物樣貌。台灣目前的古生物研究仍屬相對缺乏、也沒有古生物復原研究的正式紀錄。本研究嘗試復原台灣更新世灰鯨類化石的頭部肌肉。台灣目前所發現的灰鯨化石包含頭骨後部的上枕骨、外枕骨、顳骨、頂骨和額骨等、在分類上被鑑定到屬的層級： Eschrichtius sp.。灰鯨屬（Eschrichtius）目前僅包含太平洋的現生灰鯨（E. robustus）和早更新世時期在日本所發現的昭島灰鯨（E. akishimaensis）。現生灰鯨有較為詳盡的頭部肌肉解剖研究、昭島灰鯨保存部分有限，因此此台灣灰鯨化石的頭部肌肉復原是以現生灰鯨為主要的重建依據、嘗試描繪化石周圍之肌肉形態及分佈。台灣標本保留的上枕骨成對明顯突起，得以復原出附著於此突起的大、小頭後直肌（m. rectus capitis posterior major and m. rectus capitis posterior minor）和位於上枕骨頂部的頭半棘肌（m. semispinalis capitis）；副枕突起能重建連接下顎角突起的二腹肌（m. digastric）；貫穿圍繞在顳骨、頂骨和額骨的顳窩，可以還原連接到下顎冠狀突起的顳肌（m. temporalis）；翼骨後部能試著建構出連接下顎的翼骨內側肌（m. pterygoid internal）；部分保留之鱗骨腹側可嘗試描繪包覆於下顎的深層嚼肌（m. deep masseter）等。台灣標本保存有限，但藉由形態、解剖學的分析，得以建構出原先圍繞在此化石的肌肉群，提供後續更進一步描繪其可能的外表樣貌。這筆台灣灰鯨化石的復原研究，讓我們不只有機會更進一步的勾勒出台灣灰鯨化石的完整面貌、也是台灣首次的古生物復原研究工作，相信能成為後續台灣古生物多樣性和古生態具現化的基礎。 | zh_TW |
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| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄 口試委員會審定書 ii 誌謝 iii 中文摘要 v 英文摘要 vi 前言 1 古生物基礎研究意涵： 1 古生物藝術的歷史沿革： 1 古生物相關藝術的最早紀錄： 2 古生物藝術概念初建期（1800到1890年代）： 2 古生物復原的經典時期（1890到1970年代）： 5 古生物研究的改革（1970到2010年代）： 7 當代古生物復原與研究（2010年到現在）： 10 台灣古生物基礎研究發展： 14 台灣古生物復原現況： 16 灰鯨屬物種現況簡介： 17 台灣灰鯨屬化石紀錄： 18 材料與方法 19 材料： 19 方法： 20 結果 22 現生灰鯨、昭島灰鯨與台灣標本的形態比對： 22 台灣標本特徵觀察與紀錄： 22 台灣標本周圍之肌肉形態與分佈： 24 台灣更新世灰鯨化石整體復原成果： 25 討論 26 台灣標本與昭島灰鯨化石之形態差異： 26 現生灰鯨解剖紀錄對於復原軟組織的重要性： 27 台灣古生物復原現況： 28 兼具藝術性與準確性的台灣更新世灰鯨復原： 28 未來研究方向： 29 結論 31 參考文獻 32 附圖 43 圖目錄 圖1、現生灰鯨頭骨、昭島灰鯨化石以及台灣更新世灰鯨化石比較圖。 43 圖2、台灣標本與昭島灰鯨形態比對。 44 圖3、台灣標本骨骼與形態特徵標注。 45 圖4、現生灰鯨幼體頭骨特徵標注以及化石頭骨復原圖。 46 圖5、台灣標本周圍肌肉分佈還原想像側視圖。 47 圖6、台灣標本周圍肌肉分佈還原想像背視圖。 48 圖7、復原之頭半棘肌（m. semispinalis capitis）形態與分布狀況。 49 圖8、復原之大頭後直肌（m. rectus capitis posterior major）形態與分布狀況。 50 圖9、復原之小頭後直肌（m. rectus capitis posterior minor）形態與分布狀況。 51 圖10、復原之顳肌（m. temporalis）形態與分布狀況。 52 圖11、復原之二腹肌（m. digastric）形態與分布狀況。 53 圖12、復原之翼骨內側肌（m. pterygoid internal）形態與分布狀況。 54 圖13、復原之深層嚼肌（m. deep masseter）形態與分布狀況。 55 圖14、復原之表層嚼肌（m. superficial masseter）形態與分布狀況。 56 圖15、台灣更新世灰鯨化石復原水彩畫，由上至下依序為化石與骨骼復原、頭部肌肉還原以及表皮想像樣貌。 57 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.title | 台灣更新世灰鯨化石頭部肌肉復原 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Reconstructing the head muscles of a fossil gray whale from the Pleistocene of Taiwan | en |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 109-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 木村敏之(Hsin-Tsai Liu),張鈞翔(Chih-Yang Tseng) | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 古生物復原,台灣古生物,比較解剖學,灰鯨, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | paleoart,life-recontruction,paleontology,comparative anatomy,gray whale, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 57 | |
| dc.identifier.doi | 10.6342/NTU202104233 | |
| dc.rights.note | 同意授權(全球公開) | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2021-10-29 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.embargo-lift | 2024-10-31 | - |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 | |
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| 檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
|---|---|---|---|
| U0001-2610202114432000.pdf | 27.21 MB | Adobe PDF | 檢視/開啟 |
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