根黴菌發酵萃取物與藻油對於異位性皮膚炎之影響

Abstract

本研究旨在探討根黴菌發酵萃取物（Rhizopus fermentation extract, RE）及藻油（microalgae oil, MO）對於異位性皮膚炎（atopic dermatitis, AD）之影響，分別以細胞試驗及動物試驗探討之。細胞試驗用於評估根黴菌發酵萃取物及藻油對於RBL-2H3細胞株去顆粒化作用（degranulation）之影響，將根黴菌發酵萃取物或藻油與RBL-2H3培養24小時後，誘導去顆粒化作用，細胞試驗結果顯示根黴菌發酵萃取物處理組或藻油處理組去顆粒化程度與對照組沒有顯著差異。動物試驗則是探討根黴菌發酵萃取物及藻油對塵蟎皮膚致敏誘導異位性皮膚炎之影響，將八十隻BALB/c小鼠分為八組，分別為未致敏之負對照組、塵蟎致敏之正對照組、根黴菌發酵萃取物處理組低劑量（L-RE）、中劑量（M-RE）、高劑量組（H-RE）、藻油處理組低劑量（L-MO）、中劑量（M-MO）及高劑量組（H-MO）。動物試驗結果顯示，第八週試驗結束後，給予根黴菌發酵萃取物或藻油可顯著降低塵蟎致敏造成的表皮層增生（hyperplasia）與血清中總Immunoglobulin E（IgE）濃度（P < 0.05），真皮層免疫細胞數目及血清相關細胞激素濃度則未達顯著差異水準。綜而言之，雖然根黴菌發酵萃取物及藻油在細胞試驗中無法降低去顆粒化程度，減少發炎介質釋放，但在動物試驗中可以減緩塵蟎致敏造成的表皮層增生並降低血清中總IgE濃度，具有抗過敏之潛力。

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of Rhizopus fermentation extract (RE) and microalgae oil (MO) on atopic dermatitis. The study was divided into two parts: in vitro and in vivo. In vitro study aimed at evaluating the effect of Rhizopus fermentation extract and microalgae oil on the extent of degranulation of RBL-2H3. After incubated with RE and MO for 24 hours, RBL-2H3 was induced to degranulate by IgE and antigen. The result showed there was no significant difference between treatment groups and control group. In vivo study aimed at evaluating the effects of RE and MO on house-dust-mite-skin-sensitized BALB/c mice. There were eight groups in this study: negative control, positive control, RE-L, RE-M, RE-H, MO-L, MO-M and MO-H. The result showed RE and MO significantly reduced the epidermal hyperplasia and concentration of total serum IgE (P < 0.05). However, dermal immune cell count and concentration of serum relative cytokines showed no significant difference between control groups and treatment groups. To sum up, although RE and MO could not reduce the extent of degranulation in in vitro study, they could reduce epidermal hyperplasia and concentration of total serum IgE. In conclusion, this study showed RE and MO possess anti-allergic potential.