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Title: | 白鰱及大頭鰱的腦下垂體性腺刺激素的分離及其性質之研究及單醣類的高壓液相層析之研究 ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF GONADOTROPIN FROM SILVER CARP (Hypophthalmichthyls molitrix) AND BIGHEAD CARP (Hypophthalmichthyls nobilis) AND ANALYSIS OF MONOSACCHARIDE BY HIGH PRESSURE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY |
Authors: | CHIEN-TSU CHEN 陳建志 |
Publication Year : | 1993 |
Degree: | 碩士 |
Abstract: | 第一部分 白鰱與大頭鰱的腦下垂體性腺刺激素的分離及其性質之研究。 有關於腦下垂體性腺刺激素的研究,在高等脊椎動物方面已獲得較具體的結果。哺乳類腦下垂體性腺刺激素有濾泡刺激素和黃體成長激素二種。他們均屬於醣蛋白激素。醣蛋白激素由一條α次單元和一條β次單元所構成;不同激素的α次單元具有相似性。它的功能尚不清楚;而β次單元一般認為具有功能特異性。性腺刺激素在細胞內的粗內質網合成,轉送至高基氏複體形成成熟的顆粒,經由細胞外界的刺激,如性腺刺激素釋放激素,而釋放出來,達到性腺器官執行配子生成和類固醇激素的合成的調節功能,以上所述的工作,在低等脊椎動物方面,甚少被研究。 本實驗的目的希望藉白鰱和大頭鰱的性腺刺激素的研究,獲得更多有關於魚類在分子演化的資料,及其生理意義。此外,這項工作對於魚類養殖及育苗工作亦有助益。 首先將魚類的腦下垂體在6%醋酸銨及40%乙醇中,均勻攪碎,浸漬過夜,將乙醇濃度調至80%。使醣蛋白沉澱下來,離心,取出沉澱物,溶於五毫莫耳濃度的碳酸銨中,經過Sephadex G-25膠質管柱,去掉鹽類。再通過DEAE-Cellulose離子交換管柱,以不同的莫耳濃度,120,200,250,300,400,500毫莫耳濃度的碳酸氫銨,梯階式的洗出,得到不同的醣蛋白的DEAE部分,分別稱?DE120,DE200,DE250,DE300,DE400及DE500。這些部分做以下的一些工作: 1. 生物活性檢定:觀察DEAE部分對於鯉魚的睾丸細胞刺激,?生雄性素的能力。 2. 放射免疫活性檢定:觀察DEAE部分對於鯉魚性腺刺激素所誘導出的抗血清的交叉反應性 3. 化學性狀: (1) 聚乙烯胺膠質電泳 (2) SDS-聚乙烯胺膠質電泳 (3) 胺基酸分析 實驗結果顯示白鰱和大頭鰱具有極相似的性質,從生物活性檢定,兩者的DE200, DE250, DE300均較具高生物活性,放射免疫活性檢定也證實這個說法,從聚乙烯膠質電泳的圖形看來,顯然具高活性的DE部分,必具有Rf值0.36,0.56兩部分。胺基酸分析的資料也顯示,這些高活性DE部分,均非常類似,亦即它們同時含有高量的脯胺酸,半胱胺酸,天門冬酸及麩胺酸。由SDS膠質電泳的二條圖形,以過去從事鯉魚研究的經驗,顯示其可能由兩個次單元所構成的。以腦下垂體中性腺刺激素的含量來看,白鰱,3.8%;大頭鰱,4.4%;鯉魚,4.2%;鱘魚,7.6%及海鰻,8%。較之哺乳類如羊之LH 0.6%,FSH 0.003%為高。 第二部分 利用高壓液體色層分析儀做單醣類分析之研究。 醣蛋白質激素的研究過去著重於蛋白質部分,對於醣類結構的研究甚少,著因於沒有方便,敏感及連續性降解的方法,是以目前僅有人類絨毛膜性腺刺激素及牛羊的黃體成長激素被研究過。 由於哺乳類調節系統中發現醣蛋白質激素的醣類結構與細胞接收器的結合極具生理意義,又其與體內清除率有密切關係,基於上述原因,吾人深深認為研究醣類結構為重要課題。 鑑於傳統之紙層分析及薄色析分析之敏感度甚低。而氣相層析的使用,由於衍生物的製備耗時,且副?物甚多。高壓液相層析的使用,目前僅止於反射指引值的測定,其靈敏度低,是以吾人欲藉醣類的衍生物,在高壓液相層析給予很好的分離,發展一套有效的方法,以便從事有關醣類結構的研究。 一般醣類分為中性醣和胺醣二種: 中性醣部分: 1. 中性醣的醛基或酮基與Danayl hydragine在80℃ PH2反應10分鐘,?生Danayl hydragide。在水:氰甲烷:異丙烷=79:19:2的溶劑系統中,可得很好的分離,其滯留時間分別為:D-半乳醣,8.3;D-葡萄醣,9.1;D-水密醣,10.0;D-木醣,11.3;D-核醣,12.5;L-馬尾藻醣,15.5(分鐘),流速2毫升/分鐘。 2. 白鰱的DE300部分的中性醣定性分析結果為 D-水密醣,D-木醣,D-核醣。 胺醣部分: 1. 胺醣的胺基與Dansyl Chloride的次硫酸氯基在37℃、PH9.5反應30分鐘?生衍生物,在水:氰甲烷:四氫吷喃=80:18:2的溶劑系統中,可很好的分離。其滯留時間分別為:D-胺基豐乳醣,5.9,8.3;D-胺基葡萄醣,5.9,9.1;D-胺基水密醣,7.5,10.0(分鐘),流速2毫升/分鐘。 2. 各胺醣滯留時間較長的吸收高?可用來定量,其定量範圍自12.5nmol到800nmol。 The aim of this study is to isolate and characterize the gonadotropin from the pituitary glands of silver carp and bighead carp. Crude glycoprotein is extracted from pituitary homogenate by 6% ammonium acetate-40% ethanol, pH 5.1. The glycoprotein is then isolated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography. The gonadotropins from these two species show many similar properties, such as the specific gonadotropic activity, radioimmunological activity toward the antiserum of carp gonadotropin, amino acid composition, electrophoretic patterns of disc electrophresis and SDS gel electrophresis.The findings that both the gonado-tropins of silver carp and bighead carp contain two SDS gel electrophoretic bands suggest that these two gonadotropins consist of two non-identical subunits. The amino acid composjtions of these two gonadotropins have high content of acidic residues, proline and half cystine. These are the common features of fish gonadotropins. The aim of this study is attempt to develope systems for monosaccharide analysis by HPLC. Neutral sugars are first reacted with dansyl hydrazine to form dansyl hydrazide. The derivatives are then separated by a C18 column with the solvent system of water : aceto-`nitrile:isopropanol = 79:19:2. Each derivative from six neutral sugar has its own distinct peak. The retention time for the derivatives of six neutral sugars at a flow rate of 2 ml/min are as:8.3 for galactose, 9.1 for glucose, 10.0 for mannose, 11.3 for xylose, 12.5 for ribose, 15.5 for fucose. By the above system, D-mannose, D-xyiose, D-ribose are found in the acid hydrolysate of sDE 300. For analysis of amino sugars, they are first reacted with dansyl chloride to form dansylated derivatives. The derivatives are then separated on a column of C18 with the solvent system of water:acetonitrile:tetrahydro-furan =80:18:2.The derivatives from each amino sugar have two peaks. The retention times for the derivatives from three amino sugars at 2 ml/min are as:galactosamine, 5.9 and 8.3; glucosamine, 5.9 and 9.1; mannosamine, 7.5 and 10.0. The yield of the peak with longer retention time is used to quantitate the given aminosugar from which the derivative arises. The range of detection of amino sugar is from 12.5 to 800 nmoi. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/75948 |
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Appears in Collections: | 生化科學研究所 |
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