磁性形狀記憶致動器驅動比例式氣壓壓力閥之研究

Abstract

磁性形狀記憶合金是近二十年來被廣泛研究的新型智慧型材料，此種材料具有1000至2000 Hz的高頻響應，以及高達6% 到12% 的形變量。磁性形狀記憶效應致動器即是以磁性形狀記憶合金做為致動元件，藉由控制改變通過磁性形狀記憶的磁場強度來達成作動原理。然而此種材料在實際上的應用仍處於早期的研究發展階段。 本論文創新發展新型比例式氣壓壓力閥，以磁性形狀記憶效應致動器來驅動比例式氣壓壓力閥，取代原本電磁線圈驅動的方式，達到實際上的應用。在實驗上，使用改良式模糊滑動模式控制設計回授控制器，達成新型比例式氣壓壓力閥之壓力追蹤控制，測試包含步階響應、不同頻率以及不同振幅條件下之弦波軌跡和三角波軌跡之追蹤表現。此外，分析新型比例式氣壓壓力閥與FESTO比例式氣壓調壓閥之磁滯曲線及頻率響應特性，並比較包含步階響應、不同頻率以及不同振幅條件下之弦波軌跡和三角波軌跡之追蹤表現，透過壓力軌跡追蹤控制實驗的驗證，證實以磁性形狀記憶效應致動器驅動的新型比例式氣壓壓力閥在壓力軌跡追蹤上可以達到更好的追蹤效果。

Magnetic shape memory (MSM) alloys are new smart materials which has been widely investigated since 1996. This material has extraordinary strains up to 12% and frequency bandwidth up to 2 kHz. The MSM actuator is a potential device which can achieve high performance electromagnetic actuation by using the properties of MSM alloys. However, the practical industrial applications of MSM alloys are still in early stage of development. A novel MSM actuator driven pneumatic proportion pressure valve is proposed in this study. We replace the electric solenoid, which can control the spool position with the MSM actuator. In the experiments, the modified fuzzy sliding mode control (MFSMC) was implemented for controller to reach the pressure tracking control, including the step response, the sinusoidal trajectory and the triangular trajectory under the different frequency and different amplitude. Besides, the proportional pressure valve manufactured by FESTO was tested and compared with the pressure controlled valve driven by the MSM actuator developed in this study. Based on the experimental results, it has been verified that the novel MSM actuator driven pneumatic proportion pressure valve and MFSMC controller can achieve better performance in pressure tracking control.