請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/73519
標題: | 公司代表人及代理人越權行為效力之研究─以公司內部決議瑕疵對外部法律行為效力之影響為中心 A Study on the Validity of Transactions by Unauthorized Company Organs and Agents: Focusing on Company Internal Irregularity |
作者: | Yi-Chen Chen 陳以晨 |
指導教授: | 曾宛如 |
關鍵字: | 公司法,意思機關,代表,表見代理,越權行為,內部決議瑕疵,內部管理原則,查證義務,交易安全,董事長,董事,經理人, company law,company organ,company representative,apparent authority,internal irregularity,indoor management rule,put on inquiry,transaction security,director,manager, |
出版年 : | 2018 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 公司代表人或代理人踰越權限對外為法律行為,其行為效力如何,向來困擾我國實務及學說甚深。尤其當代表人欠缺權限,係源自公司內部決議發生瑕疵,如股東會或董事會之決議不成立、無效或撤銷,是否以及如何影響公司對外法律行為之效力,在我國司法實務上已引發諸多爭議,至今尚無定論。此問題涉及公司意志及交易安全間的價值拉鋸,若使交易行為趨於無效,有礙交易安全;若使交易行為有效,則有損公司利益。此外,在法令要求公司須經特定內部程序的情形,交易行為有效與否尚有法規目的之考量。可知,如何在我國建構兼具法理基礎,及得以權衡上開價值的規範架構,乃當務之急。
本文首先從公司本質理論出發,說明公司對外進行法律行為的基本歸屬構造,係透過公司意思機關及代理人為之。進而,介紹外國立法例對公司意思機關及代理人越權行為的規範模式,其中主要以英美法系的英國法及歐陸法系的德國法為中心。並提出本文觀察,即現今外國法的規範趨勢,乃強調商事交易安全的重要性,擴大交易相對人主張行為有效的空間。針對意思機關或代表人,比較法皆強調賦予其全面性的對外權限;對於代表人,則傾向擴大表見代理的適用範圍。準此,本文以比較法為借鏡對象,嘗試重新建構我國公司代表人及代理人越權行為的規範。其中最重要者為,嘗試檢討與釐清我國法長久以來對於法人代表制度的錯誤理解,提出代表制度在我國法下應如何闡釋與運作。並以此為基礎,在立法論及解釋論上提出我國法的建議修正方向,以期強化商事交易安全的保護,營造我國更有利的經商環境。 In Taiwan, academia and court judgments have long been bothered by the issue on the validity of company transactions entered on behalf of unauthorized organs and agents. In particular, in cases where company internal irregularities (such as the lack of valid resolution of the general meeting or the board of directors) give rise to the lack of authority, the problem is the most debatable. The validity of these transaction is difficult to determine since on one hand, declaring the transactions void would be detrimental to transaction security and impose great transaction cost on innocent third parties, but on the other hand declaring them valid would cause harm to company interests. This thesis attempts to solve the problem in a both theoretical and practical way. Firstly, it figure out how a company enters into transaction by its organs and agents on the basis of the theories of company personhood. Secondly, it reviews relevant regulations of British and German laws and their applications. It finds out that both jurisdictions emphasize the protection of transaction security and the courts incline to declare the transactions valid. Both jurisdictions confer comprehensive authority on company organs or representatives. In addition, they expand the application of apparent authority when it comes to company agents. Based on these findings, this thesis discusses the relevant regulations and practical application under Taiwanese Company Law and reach the conclusion of enhancing the protection of transaction security so as to improve the ease of doing business in Taiwan. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/73519 |
DOI: | 10.6342/NTU201900619 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 法律學系 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-107-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 1.52 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。