利用β-鹼式氧化鐵表面修飾改質三聚氰胺甲醛樹酯海綿之吸油效率研究

Abstract

在交通發達的時代，輪船意外漏油事件亦相當頻繁，因此為了解決事件所造成之大面積油污染，並同時兼顧材料再利用的特性，近年來，三維多孔隙材料之超疏水性表面修飾成為新興發展對象，然而，目前所製作出的表面修飾材料具有步驟繁複、能耗高等缺點，因此本研究使用容易製備的β-FeOOH奈米顆粒來對三聚氰胺樹酯海綿進行表面修飾，利用浸漬法製備吸油海綿，並探討其最大吸附容量、分離效率及油脂去除率等油水分離效能參數，以及其耐用性及再利用性。 進行表面修飾後的MF-β-FeOOH海綿，其水接觸角可達144.23度，具高疏水性能，並且對不同油品之最大吸附容量可達68.2 ~104.5 g/g，分離效率則從95.3%至99.5%不等，而對海運重柴油之油脂去除率可達99.1%，因此可知該海綿具有良好的油水分離效率。 而在耐用性的部分，MF-β-FeOOH海綿在酸性及中性之水環境下，油脂去除率可維持在98.6%以上，而在鹼性環境下則略低，約97.8%，因此該海綿在pH值1~13之範圍內可維持不錯之油脂去除率；在鹽度的部分，海水並不會影響海綿之油脂去除率，約可達98.7%；在熱穩定性部分，此海綿可確保在水環境中，不會因熱而導致海綿結構被破壞。在再利用性能部分，MF-β-FeOOH海綿在20次使用以後人能維持72%之最大吸附容量及98%左右之油脂去除率，因此具有良好之再利用性能，如此可確認MF-β-FeOOH海綿為良好的吸油材料。

Because of modern vehicle technology, oil spill caused by ship accidents happens frequently. To avoid oil pollution in marine environment and remain reusability of oil-adsorbing materials, 3D porous materials fabricated by superhydrophobic coating have been a new direction of development. However, at the present time, this kind of materials have disadvantages of complicated production process and high energy cost. To look for high quality, low-cost and easy-making material, in this study, we will try to use melamine foam fabricated by superhydrophoic β-FeOOH nanoparticles to adsorb oil and measure its maximum adsorption capacity, separation efficiency, oil removal efficiency, durability and reusability as performance evaluation indicators. Melamine foam fabricated by β-FeOOH nanoparticle, which is abbreviated as MF-β-FeOOH, have high hydrophobicity because of 144.23˚ water contact angle. In addition, the maximum adsorption capacity of this materials according to different kinds of oil is 68.2 ~ 104.5 g/g, and the separation efficiency is 95.3% ~ 99.5%. Last but not least, the oil removal efficiency is approximately 99.1%, so we can prove that MF-β-FeOOH have good oil-water separation performance. In terms of duration test, oil removal efficiency of MF-β-FeOOH can be above 98.6% in acidic and neutral water environment and a little bit lower efficiency about 97.8% in basic water environment. Therefore, it can remain good efficiency in pH 1 to 13. Additionally, MF-β-FeOOH also can adsorb oil in sea water, which has oil removal efficiency about 98.7% and its chemical structure has enough thermal stability in water, based on TGA analysis. Finally, MF-β-FeOOH have good reusability since its maximum adsorption capacity can remain 72% of new one and about 98% oil removal efficiency after 20 cycles of adsorption process. To sum up, based on former data, we can prove that MF-β-FeOOH is a good oil-adsorbing material.