開放資料時代下我國國會監督機制之探究：以口袋國會為例分析

Abstract

國會、立法委員之監督在民主政體中一向是人民關心的重要問題，我國針對立法院之監督行之有年，早自1989年即有公民團體發起立委評鑑，前三波分別是新時代基金會、國會觀察基金會、澄社以及臺灣勞工陣線等團體。而第四波來到2007年成立之「公民監督國會聯盟」以及2013年成立之「沃草」與「口袋國會」，以分析政府開放資料為導向，據實呈現與檢視立法委員之問政表現，以貫徹公民監督之真意。 本文檢視了以往監督國會之公民團體之發展，選擇標榜以公開資料作為立法委員評鑑要點的「口袋國會」為案例，探究其對於立法委員之評價，再針對其三會期之評鑑結果加以分析。本文主張，為避免在開放資料時代下，以單一方式、特定指標來評鑑立法委員可能會造成之偏頗與遺漏，提出以「多元方法」作為衡量立法委員問政表現之重要性。

Citizens in a democracy are most concerned about the supervision issues over the congress and lawmakers. The Republic of China (Taiwan) has been executing supervision over its Legislative Yuan for years. Since 1989, there has been civil groups campaigning for the evaluation of lawmakers. The first three waves of movements were led by certain civil groups such as Taipei Society and Taiwan Labour Front, and the fourth one was by Citizen Congress Watch, established in 2007 and by Watchout and Pocket Congress, established in 2013, both of which are oriented towards analyzing open data published by the government, and fulfill the true meaning of citizen oversight by truthfully examining and overhauling the performance of lawmakers. The thesis examines the development of the congress supervision civil groups, and the study case is Pocket Congress, featured by evaluating the lawmakers with open data. The thesis delves into the evaluation carried out by Pocket Congress, and analyzes its results over the past three sessions. Furthermore, the thesis proposes that the diversified methods of evaluation the performance of lawmakers is important on the purpose of preventing the prejudices and omissions resulted from a single specific criterion in the open data era.