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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 黃坤祥 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Li-Hui Cheng | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 鄭禮輝 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-17T00:52:14Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2017-01-17 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-01-17 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2011 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2011-11-01 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 1. 黃坤祥，粉末冶金學，中華民國粉末冶金協會，第二版，2003，246-260頁。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/66701 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 316L為常用於射出成形的不銹鋼材料，可製作具有良好抗腐蝕性之精密零件，但其沃斯田鐵之結構導致其強度不高，限制了316L在工業界的應用，本實驗利用晶粒細化、氮固溶強化、熱處理及添加合金元素等方式，增加316L不銹鋼之硬度及強度，以提升316L不銹鋼之競爭力，實驗中亦分析了不銹鋼中氮化鉻之形成機制，並提供其消除方法，以改進其硬度、強度及抗腐蝕性質。
一般射出成形316L需利用高溫燒結才能達到高密度，而高溫燒結易導致晶粒成長使強度下降，若以低溫的1120℃於裂解氨下燒結細316L不銹鋼粉( D50=4.1 μm)兩小時，由於細粉具有較大的燒結驅動力，其密度可達7.70 g/cm3、晶粒尺寸約10 μm、氮含量約0.3 wt%、硬度約95 HRB、拉伸強度約740 MPa；相對地，一般粒度之 316L粉(D50=12.0 μm)試片在經過1370℃以真空燒結二小時之後。其密度約7.50 g/cm3、晶粒尺寸約64 μm、硬度約52 HRB、拉伸強度約450 MPa。此外，若將裂解氨燒結之316L不銹鋼置於氮氣中進行熱均壓製程，可將氮含量增加至0.8 wt%，於1120℃燒結的細粉316L之硬度及拉伸強度分別可再提升至110 HRB (約37 HRC)及820 MPa，而以1370℃裂解氨燒結之一般粒度316L粉試片之硬度及拉伸強度則由72 HRB增加至100 HRB (約24 HRC)及530 MPa增加至730 MPa。將1370℃真空燒結兩小時之一般粉316L試片，以500℃低溫滲碳24小時，2.85 mm厚之試片滲碳層可達約40μm，表面硬度可達810 HV，由於滲碳之後並無碳化鉻生成，所以仍具有良好的抗腐蝕性，且仍可依一般之製程研磨拋光，製作成外觀件。將低溫滲碳處理應用於乾壓成形不銹鋼，利用其內部具有連通孔之特性，滲碳過程碳可進入工件心部而強化，能有效提高不銹鋼之硬度及強度。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Powder Injection Molded (PIM) 316L stainless steels are widely applied in the industry for making small components with complicated shapes, but its austenitic structure and poor strength limit its applications. The methods of grain refinement, solid-solution strengthing by nitrogen, carburizing treatments, and alloying were used in this study to improve the mechanical properties of 316L.
In order to attain high sintered density, 316L is generally sintered at high temperatures, which causes significant grain growth. To circumvent this drawback, fine (D50 = 4.1 μm) 316L powder was sintered at a low temperature of 1120℃ for 2 hrs in dissociated ammonia. A high sintered density of 7.70 g/cm3 was obtained, the nitrogen content reached 0.3 wt%, and the hardness and tensile strength achieved were 95 HRB and 740 MPa, respectively. Sintering regular (D50 = 12.0 μm) 316L powder at 1370℃ for 2 hrs in vacuum can reach only 7.50 g/cm3 density, 52 HRB hardness, and 450 MPa tensile strength. With hot isostatic pressing in nitrogen, the nitrogen content in the fine 316L specimen that was sintered in dissociated ammonia for 2 hours can be further increased from 0.3 wt% to 0.8 wt% and the hardness and tensile strength of fine 316L specimen were improved to 110 HRB and 820 MPa, respectively. After being low-temperature carburized (LTC) at 500℃ for 24 hrs, the surface hardness of 316L reached 810 HV. The corrosion resistance remained the same because no Cr23C6 formed during carburization. The hardness and tensile strength of powder metallurgy 316L and 304L can also be increased by LTC obviously, since carbon can diffuse into the center of the specimen through interconnected pores. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-17T00:52:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-100-D96527015-1.pdf: 9669151 bytes, checksum: 9e910074f35c0714ec6b53ace6d08df3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝.............................................i
摘要............................................ii Abstract.......................................iii 目錄.............................................iv 圖目錄.........................................viii 表目錄........................................xviii 第一章 文獻回顧....................................1 1.1 金屬粉末射出成形簡介............................1 1.2 316L沃斯田鐵不銹鋼之簡介........................4 1.3 316L不銹鋼之射出成形...........................6 1.3.1 316L不銹鋼粉末之製造.........................6 1.3.2 熱脫脂製程對316L射出成形性質的影響.............10 1.3.3 燒結溫度對316L射出成形性質的影響...............10 1.3.4 燒結氣氛對316L 射出成形性質的影響.............. 12 1.3.5 降溫速率對316L 射出成形性質的影響.............. 13 1.4 氮、碳及氧含量對316L不銹鋼的影響................. 15 1.4.1 氮對射出成形工件316L性質的影響.................15 1.4.2 碳含量對射出成形316L性質的影響.................17 1.4.3 氧含量對射出成形316L性質的影響.................19 1.5 316L不銹鋼之熱處理.............................21 1.5.1 熱均壓(Hot Isostatic Pressing，簡稱HIP)..... 21 1.5.2 滲氮處理................................... 22 1.5.3 低溫滲碳(Low-Temperature Carburization，簡稱LTC).... 22 1.6 添加合金元素對316L 射出成形性質的影響.............28 1.6.1 鈮的影響................................... 29 1.6.2 錳的影響................................... 30 1.6.3 銅與錫的影響 ................................30 1.7 研究動機.....................................31 第二章 實驗步驟................................... 32 2.1 實驗設計......................................32 2.2 原料.........................................33 2.2.1 基礎粉..................................... 33 2.2.2 黏結劑..................................... 33 2.3 球磨方式及混煉.................................41 2.4 成形.........................................43 2.5 溶劑脫脂與熱脫脂...............................45 2.5.1 溶劑脫脂................................... 45 2.5.2 熱脫脂..................................... 45 2.6 燒結.........................................46 2.7 熱處理....................................... 47 2.7.1 熱均壓製程..................................47 2.7.2 滲氮處理................................... 47 2.7.3 低溫滲碳處理................................ 49 2.8 性質量測及分析.................................51 2.8.1 脫脂率..................................... 51 2.8.2 雷射膨脹儀(Laser Dilatometer)...............51 2.8.3 碳、氮及氧含量分析........................... 52 2.8.4 燒結密度的測量.............................. 53 2.8.5 機械性質測試 ................................53 2.8.6 抗腐蝕試驗..................................54 2.8.7 金相製備及微結構分析..........................54 2.9 測試儀器..................................... 56 第三章 結果與討論..................................58 3.1 燒結製程參數的影響............................. 58 3.1.1 粒徑、氣氛及燒結溫度的影響.....................58 3.1.2 冷卻速度的影響...............................71 3.1.3 真空及裂解氨燒結時，氮氣及氬氣之氣氛轉換..........73 3.2 熱處理........................................81 3.2.1 熱均壓製程...................................81 3.2.1.1 氮氣氣氛熱均壓.............................83 3.2.1.2 氬氣氣氛熱均壓.............................87 3.2.2 滲氮處理................................... 90 3.2.3 低溫滲碳................................... 97 3.2.3.1 金屬粉末射出成形...........................97 3.2.3.2 傳統粉末冶金乾壓成形.......................121 3.3 添加合金元素的影響............................129 3.3.1 氮親和力元素 (Nb, Mn)......................129 3.3.2 氮排斥元素(Cu、Sn).........................137 3.3.2.1銅的影響.................................137 3.3.2.2 錫的影響................................140 3.3.2.3 316LSC (316L+ 2 wt% Cu+ 1 wt% Sn)......145 3.3.3 添加碳化鈮之影響............................146 3.4 討論........................................154 3.4.1 氮含量與射出成形316L硬度、強度及抗腐蝕性的關係...154 3.4.2 低溫滲碳對射出成形及粉末冶金不銹鋼之影響及碳化物生成機制.....159 第四章 結論......................................168 第五章 未來工作...................................170 第六章 參考文獻...................................171 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 射出成形 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 熱處理 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 固溶強化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 晶粒細化 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 粉末冶金 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | powder metallurgy | en |
| dc.subject | 316L stainless steel | en |
| dc.subject | grain refinement | en |
| dc.subject | solid-solution strengthening | en |
| dc.subject | heat treatment | en |
| dc.subject | Powder injection molding | en |
| dc.title | 高強度 316L 不銹鋼之金屬射出成形製程研究 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | The Study of High-Strength Powder Injection Molded
316L Stainless Steel | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 博士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 陳永傳,蔡履文,林招松,林東毅,陸永忠 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 射出成形,晶粒細化,固溶強化,熱處理,粉末冶金, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Powder injection molding,316L stainless steel,grain refinement,solid-solution strengthening,heat treatment,powder metallurgy, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 184 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2011-11-02 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 工學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 材料科學與工程學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 材料科學與工程學系 | |
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