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標題: | 添加Bacillus licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液對白肉雞生長性狀之影響 Effect of supplementation of Bacillus licheniformis CK1 and its chitosan fermentation broth on growth performance of broilers |
作者: | Chia-Hui Ho 何佳慧 |
指導教授: | 劉?睿 |
關鍵字: | Bacillus licheniformis,幾丁聚糖,肉雞,幾丁寡糖, Bacillus licheniformis,chitosan,broilers,chitooligosaccharide, |
出版年 : | 2012 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 幾丁聚糖經由酵素或化學水解所產生之幾丁寡糖,其可溶於水且黏度低,並具有幾丁聚糖相似之生物活性。先前研究指出,添加幾丁寡糖可增強肉雞之生長性狀及表面消化率。基於環境污染及成本考量,以酵素水解生產幾丁寡糖被認為是較佳之方法。許多Bacillus菌種具有幾丁聚糖酶之活性,其中亦包含Bacillus licheniformis。因此,本研究擬探討飼料中添加B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液對肉雞生長性狀之影響。
首先,為了解是否B. licheniformis CK1可使用幾丁聚糖做為碳源進行生長,及其產生幾丁聚糖酶之能力,故將其培養於含幾丁聚糖、食鹽及胰化蛋白各1%組成之培養液。結果顯示,經24小時培養後,B. licheniformis CK1可達最大菌數108 CFU/mL ,並同時具有4.7 U/mL之幾丁聚糖酶活性。 在動物試驗部分,以0日齡愛拔益加白肉雞逢機分置於對照組、B. licheniformis CK1組、B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液組及商用幾丁寡糖組等4個組。每處理組含4重複,每重複10隻。試驗期6週,並進行二次試驗。在評估試驗中,各添加物處理組之0-6週採食量皆顯助低於對照組,故飼料轉換率顯著較高;且B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液組不會對肉雞之血液性狀,以及各器官造成不良影響。在二次試驗中,B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液組有較佳之飼料轉換率;亦有提升肉雞腸道中乳酸桿菌及減少大腸桿菌之趨勢,且其絨毛分布緻密完整,甚而長度也較對照組長。此外,各處理組之免疫球蛋白濃度亦較對照組為高。 綜上所述,添加B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液可改善白肉雞隻飼料轉換率,擁有較好之營養狀態,且或許有調節肉雞免疫系統之能力。因此,B. licheniformis CK1及其幾丁聚糖發酵液有做為肉雞飼料添加物之潛力。 Chitooligosaccharide (COS) is obtained by chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis of chitosan. COS has not only the same biological functions as chitosan, but also has lower viscosity and higher water solubility than chitosan. Furthermore, COS supplementation had been confirmed that could enhances the performance and apparent digestibility of broiler. Due to environmental pollution and cost, it is better to produce COS by enzymatic than chemical method. Several Bacillus spp., including B. licheniformis, have chitosanase activity. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of supplementation of B. licheniformis CK1 and its chitosan fermentation broth (CFB) on growth performance of broilers. First of all, the growth and chitosanase activity of B. licheniformis CK1 cultured in medium containing 1% chitosan, 1% tryptone, and 1% sodium chloride were determined. B. licheniformis CK1 attained to maximum bacterial counts after 24 hours of incubation (108 CFU/mL) and had highest chitosanase activity after 12 hours of incubation (4.7 U/mL). Then, for the animal trial, 0-day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly assigned into four groups, including control group, CK1 group (supplementation of B. licheniformis CK1 in a concentration of 108 CFU/kg), CK1+CFB group (supplementation of CFB with B. licheniformis CK1 in a concentration of 108 CFU/kg), and COS group. There were four replicates of 10 broilers within each group. In the first trial, the results showed that B. licheniformis CK1 and its fermented chitosan broth supplementation significantly decreased feed intake (FI) but increased feed conversion ratio (FCR), and had no adverse effects on the organ, as well as blood characteristics. In the second trial, the results of FCR of the broilers in the CK1+CFB group during 4-6 wk and during 0-6 wk were the same as those in first trail. Compared with the control group, serum immunoglobulin G levels of broilers in the other treatment groups were slightly higher during 0-6 wk. Moreover, the broilers in the CK1+CFB group and COS group showed a slight increase of Lactobacillus counts and decrease of Escherichia coli counts in the gut microflora during 0-3 wk. The villi of broilers in the CK1 group and the CK1+CFB group were more complete, compact and higher than those in the control group or commercial chitooligosaccharides group. In summary, supplementation of B. licheniformis CK1 and its chitosan fermentation broth in broiler feed improved FCR and might possess better nutrient states. Besides, both of them perhaps could modulate immunity in broiler. These findings revealed that B. licheniformis CK1 and COS have potential for use as feed supplementations to broilers. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63676 |
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顯示於系所單位: | 動物科學技術學系 |
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