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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 陳淑華 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Fu-Chun Yang | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 楊富鈞 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T17:15:43Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2012-08-22 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2012-08-22 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2012 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2012-08-17 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 中華民國行政院經濟部標準檢驗局（1960）。最新版為第七版（2012）。中華民國國家標準，蜂蜜，CNS 1305。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63652 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 台灣的主要蜜源以荔枝（Litchi chinensis）和龍眼（Euphoria longan）最為重要，兩者亦為台灣單花蜜的主要來源。由於在分佈與花期上多有重疊，加上花粉形態的高度相似，至今對兩種蜂蜜的判別仍多仰賴蜂農的主觀經驗，未有標準化的檢定程序。本研究於2011年3到5月間蒐集採自台灣中南部各地的荔枝蜜43件、龍眼蜜94件、荔枝龍眼混合蜜10件、其他種類的本土蜜28件及外國蜜3件，以蜂蜜花粉分析研究花粉組成，再以固相萃取法對樣本中的待測物進行萃取，並透過高效液相層析連接紫外光偵測器（λ = 280nm）建立所有樣本的層析圖譜，旨在找出可靠的植物源標記。花粉分析鑑定出51科共98種花粉型，其中荔枝-龍眼型（litchi-longan type）之花粉頻率於荔枝蜜和龍眼蜜中普遍大於50％，可與其他種類的本土蜜區別。荔枝蜜和龍眼蜜之高效液相層析圖譜存在三道主訊號A、B、D峰，而分析結果顯示D峰積分面積相對A、B、D峰面積總和之比值於荔枝蜜中明顯較低，於龍眼蜜中明顯較高，於混合蜜中的數值範圍則介於荔枝蜜與和龍眼蜜之間。將蜂蜜花粉資料與高效液相層析圖譜資料進行比對，並以主成份分析對圖譜資料進行化學計量統計分析，結果支持A、B、D峰確實堪為判別台灣荔枝蜜和龍眼蜜的植物源化學標記，且其主要來源為荔枝與龍眼花蜜而非花粉。比對結果亦顯示蜂農欲標示台灣荔枝蜜或龍眼蜜者，其所含荔枝-龍眼型之花粉頻率至少要大於50％。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Litchi (Litchi chinensis) and longan (Euphoria longan) are two of most important nectariferous plants for monofloral honeys in Taiwan. Owing to high similarity in pollen morphology and overlapping of flowering time in some areas, it is difficult to distinguish either kind of honey. In order to set up a method for identifying them, we collected in this study 43 litchi honeys, 94 longan honeys, 10 mixtures of litchi- and longan-honeys, 28 other honeys from Taiwan and 3 foreign lhoneys from foreign country over the time from March to May, 2011. Melissopalynological analysis was applied to construct the pollen profiles. In addition, samples were extracted with solid-phase extraction, followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) detected at 280 nm to find out reliable botanical markers. In studied samples, there were 98 pollen types belonging to 51 families. The frequencies of the litchi-longan type pollen grains were generally above 50% in litch- and longan-honeys and were readily differentiated from other Taiwan honeys.. Both litchi- and longan-honeys displayed three characteristic peaks (A, B, D) in HPLC-chromatogram. Semi-quantitative analysis showed that the peak D was significantly lower for litchi honeys, whereas higher for longan honeys. The results of melissopalynological and HPLC analyses supported that A, B and D peaks originated mainly from litchi– and longan-nectars, and could be used as the botanical markers of ether type of honeys. It is suggested those labeled with typical litchi- or longan-honey should have pollen frequency higher than 50%, respectively. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T17:15:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-101-R98b44015-1.pdf: 5970560 bytes, checksum: 3f484ad5e52d9c7da9d5fd14aeb2c3d6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 誌謝 i
中文摘要 iii Abstract v 目錄 vii 圖目錄 xi 表目錄 xiii 附表目錄 xvii 內文 壹、 緒論 1 一、 研究背景 1 二、 台灣重要的蜜源植物 4 三、 蜂蜜的植物源鑑定 6 （一） 蜂蜜花粉分析的文獻回顧 6 （1） 蜂蜜花粉的來源 6 （2） 國外蜂蜜花粉學之發展 7 （3） 國內蜂蜜花粉學之發展 10 （二） 有關蜂蜜之類黃酮分析與植物源標記 11 四、 研究目的 16 貳、 材料與方法 17 一、 研究材料 17 （一） 蜂蜜樣本 17 （二） 現生荔枝花粉和龍眼花粉的採集 17 二、 蜂蜜花粉分析 18 （一） 蜂蜜花粉的萃取與酸化處理 18 （二） 蜂蜜花粉的鑑定與計數 19 （1） 攝影與計數 19 （2） 鑑定 20 （3） 花粉總豐度與花粉頻率 20 （4） 掃描式電子顯微鏡觀察 21 三、 高效液相層析 21 （一） 蜂蜜中待測物的萃取 21 （二） 現生花粉中待測物的萃取 22 （三） 高效液相層析條件 22 四、 統計分析 23 五、 解析待測物之紫外光吸收光譜與分子式 23 （一） 以薄層層析分離待測物 23 （二） 以分光光度計測定待測物之紫外光吸收光譜 24 （三） 以超高效液相層析連接質譜儀解析待測物分子式 24 參、 結果 25 一、 蜂蜜花粉分析結果 25 （一） 蜂蜜花粉種類 25 （二） 蜂蜜花粉總豐度 27 （三） 蜂蜜花粉頻率 29 二、 高效液相層析結果 37 （一） 檢測萃取條件是否有過載之慮 37 （二） 檢測萃取條件的回收率 38 （三） 蜂蜜樣本層析圖譜 38 （1） 台灣荔枝蜜與龍眼蜜之比較 ─ 前測 38 （2） 台灣荔枝蜜與龍眼蜜之比較 ─ 普測 39 （3） 濃縮與未濃縮龍眼蜜之比較 43 （4） 台灣不同產地的龍眼蜜之比較 44 （5） 台灣其他種類蜂蜜之HPLC層析圖譜 45 （6） 外國蜂蜜之HPLC層析圖譜 46 （四） 驗證各花粉種類是否為HPLC層析圖譜中訊號之來源 47 三、 多變量分析結果 50 （一） 資料的前處理 51 （二） 主成分分析結果 51 四、 待測物之紫外光吸收光譜與分子式 54 （一） 薄層層析分離結果 54 （二） D峰萃取液的紫外光吸收光譜 56 （三） UPLC-MS分析結果 56 （1） 以APCI為電離化方法 57 （2） 以ESI為電離化方法 57 （3） 分子式的判定 57 肆、 討論 61 一、 各別討論重要的蜂蜜花粉種類 61 （一） 與蜂蜜植物源不相關的花粉種類 61 （二） 荔枝-龍眼型花粉 62 （三） 咸豐草與藿香薊屬花粉 63 （四） 番石榴花粉 65 （五） 十字花科與茄科花粉 66 （六） 其他 67 二、 單花蜜門檻值 68 三、 植物源化學標記 70 （一） 植物源 vs. 產地源 70 （二） 單花蜜 vs. 百花蜜 71 伍、 結論 75 陸、 參考文獻 77 附表 89 花粉圖板（LM） 107 花粉圖板（SEM） 117 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | 蜂蜜花粉分析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 荔枝蜜 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 龍眼蜜 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 植物源標記 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | 高效液相層析 | zh_TW |
| dc.subject | HPLC | en |
| dc.subject | longan honey | en |
| dc.subject | melissopalynology | en |
| dc.subject | botanical marker | en |
| dc.subject | litchi honey | en |
| dc.title | 結合蜂蜜花粉分析與高效液相層析鑑定台灣荔枝蜜與龍眼蜜 | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Combining melissopalynological analysis and high performance liquid chromatography for the identification of litchi- and longan-honeys in Taiwan | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 100-2 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.coadvisor | 吳俊宗 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 黃增泉,張世揚,江殷儒 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 龍眼蜜,荔枝蜜,蜂蜜花粉分析,高效液相層析,植物源標記, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | litchi honey,longan honey,melissopalynology,HPLC,botanical marker, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 123 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2012-08-19 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生命科學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 生態學與演化生物學研究所 | |
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