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| DC 欄位 | 值 | 語言 |
|---|---|---|
| dc.contributor.advisor | 蔣丙煌 | |
| dc.contributor.author | Yu-Ju Lin | en |
| dc.contributor.author | 林育如 | zh_TW |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2021-06-16T16:22:34Z | - |
| dc.date.available | 2023-12-31 | |
| dc.date.copyright | 2013-02-21 | |
| dc.date.issued | 2013 | |
| dc.date.submitted | 2013-01-28 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | 吳哲誠。以Wnt/β-catenin訊息路徑探討薑中活性成份對於大腸直腸癌預防功效與機轉之研究。國立臺灣大學食品科技研究所碩士論文。2011。
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| dc.identifier.uri | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/63097 | - |
| dc.description.abstract | 癌細胞經常利用許多方式來抑制病人的免疫系統以躲避免疫系統的清除，其中一個免疫抑制的機制即是透過抑制indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)此酵素之活性。IDO會將tryptophan降解成kynurenine，而造成微環境中tryptophan缺乏的現象，又因tryptophan是T細胞的必需胺基酸，且其下游代謝產物kynurenines會誘導T細胞走向凋亡，因此是一種具抑制免疫能力的酵素。過去文獻指出，除腫瘤組織浸潤的dendritic cells可能表現較高的IDO活性外，癌細胞本身也會表現IDO，使得腫瘤組織逃過免疫系統的監控及毒殺。文獻指出大腸直腸癌病人中高IDO表現可能與低T細胞數量有關，不利於預後，因此本研究選擇目前已知具抗癌能力的植化素(phytochemical)，以大腸直腸癌細胞模式來篩選可能抑制大腸直腸癌中IDO活性的植化素，並探討其可能的作用機制。研究結果顯示，大腸直腸癌細胞株HCT116及LoVo皆因interferon-γ (IFN-γ)之誘導而表現IDO之mRNA，且可於細胞培養液中偵測到tryptophan的減少及kynurenine的增加，而LoVo還表現tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO)此與IDO作用類似的酵素的mRNA。而人體息肉ex vivo的實驗中可以發現該樣本亦因IFN-γ之誘導而表現IDO之mRNA。第二部份使用此兩株細胞株針對9種植化素：Epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)、curcumin、 resveratrol、quercetin、sulforaphane、6-shogaol、diallyl trisulfide (DATS)、brassinin及其化學衍生物5-br-brassinin，進行抑制IDO活性的實驗，結果發現EGCG、6-shogaol、brassinin、5-br-brassinin、sulforaphane、DATS可顯著使細胞培養液中kynurenine減少。第三部份探討EGCG及DATS之抑制機制，實驗結果顯示EGCG具抑制IDO及TDO mRNA表現的活性，然而DATS並不具抑制IDO或TDO mRNA的效果，因此DATS產生抑制活性之機制仍待深入探討。 | zh_TW |
| dc.description.abstract | Tumor cells display multiple immunosuppressive mechanisms against the host immune system. One of the tumor immunosuppression mechanisms involves the immunoregulatory enzyme indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). IDO degrades tryptophan which results tryptophan starvation of local environment. Tryptophan starvation and the proapoptotic tryptophan catabolites, kynurenine, consequently inhibit T cell response and proliferation. Recent studies indicated that many tumor cells constantly express IDO which enable tumor cells to avoid immune attack of T cells. In several colorectal cancer case studies, it has been proposed that high-IDO expression was associated with significantly low T cells, which may correlate to poor prognosis and liver metastasis. Phytochemicals are chemical compounds that occur naturally in plants and have been reported to have antitumor activity. According to recent studies, some of the phytochemicals have ability to inhibit IDO activity in cancer cells. The aim of this research was to use colonrectal cancer cell lines to identify the phytochemicals which have anti-IDO effects on colorectal cancer.
We first prepared two colorectal cancer cell lines, LoVo and HCT116, and used them as IDO-expressing cell models. We found that these two cell lines express IDO mRNA by the induction of interferon-γ (IFN-γ). In addition, IFN-γ decreased tryptophan and increased kynurenine concentratins in the culture medium.We further found that LoVo cells expressed tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) mRNA. In our human colon polyp ex vivo study, it showed that IDO mRNA was also induced by IFN-γ stimulation. In the second part of our research, we tested 9 phytochemicals including EGCG, curcumin, resveratrol, quercetin, sulforaphane, 6-shogaol, diallyl trisulfide (DATS), brassinin andits derivate 5-br-brassinin, to see if they were able to inhibit colorectal cancer cells to convert tryptophan to kynurenine. Results showed that EGCG, 6-shogaol, brassinin, 5-br-brassinin, sulforaphane, DATS were able to inhibit both LoVo and HCT116 cells to release kynurenine into cell medium. In the third part, we investigated the inhibition mechanism of EGCG and DATS. Results indicated that EGCG showed IDO and TDO mRNA inhibiting activity. However, DATS did not show inhibition effect on IDO or TDO gene expression. The mechanism of how DATS inhibits IDO activity in colorectal cancer cells is still unclear and needs further study. | en |
| dc.description.provenance | Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-16T16:22:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ntu-102-R99641028-1.pdf: 3107322 bytes, checksum: 5b666b429d07181efae546ec41f3f106 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 | en |
| dc.description.tableofcontents | 目錄
壹、 文獻回顧 1 一、 大腸直腸癌簡介 1 （一） 大腸直腸癌的概況 1 （二） 大腸直腸癌的治療 4 二、 癌症的免疫抑制機制 5 （一） 癌症對於免疫系統的影響 5 （二） 癌症的免疫編輯(cancer immunoediting)及免疫抑制(immunosuppression)現象 6 （三） 癌症相關之免疫抑制因子 8 三、 Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO)簡介 10 （一） IDO之蛋白質結構及化學特性 10 （二） IDO的作用機制及其對tryptophan的代謝路徑 12 （三） IDO的產物對免疫系統的影響 14 （四） IDO的訊息傳導路徑：Janus-activated Kinase-protein kinase Cδ-STAT signaling pathway (JAK-PKC-δ-STAT1 pathway) 15 （五） IDO的活性與大腸直腸癌的關係 16 （六） Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) 簡介 18 四、 植化素 (phytochemicals)簡介 19 （一） 植化素的分類 19 （二） 植化素之抗大腸直腸癌之作用機轉 20 （三） 植化素對於IDO之免疫調節作用研究現況 26 貳、 研究目的與實驗架構 29 一、 研究目的 29 二、 實驗架構 30 （一） 建立細胞模式 30 （二） 以植化素抑制大腸直腸癌細胞株中IDO的活性 30 （三） 探討該EGCG及DATS之可能的IDO及TDO抑制機制 31 參、 實驗材料與方法 32 一、 實驗材料 32 （一） 細胞株來源 32 （二） 藥品試劑 32 二、 儀器與廠牌 33 三、 實驗方法 34 （一） 細胞培養 34 （二） 誘導大腸直腸癌細胞株及人體大腸息肉組織表現IDO活性 35 （三） 以植化素抑制大腸直腸癌細胞株中IDO的活性 41 （四） EGCG及DATS對於大腸直腸癌細胞株中IDO及TDO活性之機制探討 42 （五） 統計分析 43 肆、 結果與討論 44 一、 誘導大腸直腸癌細胞株啟動kynurenine pathway 44 （一） 不同大腸直腸癌細胞株經由IFN-γ誘導後對於IDO基因表現之影響 44 （二） 不同大腸直腸癌細胞株經由IFN-γ誘導後對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 47 （三） 不同大腸直腸癌細胞株經由IFN-γ誘導後對於TDO基因表現之影響 50 （四） 人體大腸息肉組織經由IFN-γ誘導後對於IDO及TDO基因表現之影響 52 （五） 小結 53 二、 以植化素抑制大腸直腸癌細胞株中IDO的活性 54 （一） EGCG對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 55 （二） Curcumin對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 57 （三） Brassinin及5-Br-brassinin對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 59 （四） Resveratrol對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 63 （五） Quercetin對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 65 （六） Sulforaphane對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 67 （七） 6-Shogaol對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 69 （八） DATS對於培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量之影響 71 （九） 小結 73 三、 EGCG及DATS抑制大腸直腸癌細胞株中IDO及TDO活性之機制探討 76 （一） EGCG對於LoVo及HCT116之IDO、TDO mRNA基因表現量之影響 76 （二） DATS對於LoVo及HCT116之IDO、TDO mRNA基因表現量之影響 78 伍、 綜合討論 80 陸、 結論 84 柒、 參考文獻 86 圖表目錄 圖一、 大腸直腸位置及解剖圖 2 圖二、 AJCC定義之大腸直腸癌分期說明 3 圖三、 免疫編輯過程 6 圖四、 IDO之3D化學結構(Macchiarulo et al., 2009) 10 圖五、 IDO的酵素催化路徑圖(Thackray et al., 2008) 11 圖六、 L-tryptophan之化學結構 12 圖七、 Kynurenine pathway之代謝路徑圖(Lob et al., 2009) 13 圖八、 IFN-γ調控之JAK-STAT1訊息傳導路徑(Santos and Costa-Pereira, 2011) 15 圖九、 EGCG之化學結構 20 圖十、 Sulforaphane的化學結構 21 圖十一、 6-Shogaol的化學結構 21 圖十二、 Curcumin的化學結構 22 圖十三、 Resveratrol的化學結構 23 圖十四、 大蒜中有機含硫化合物之代謝路徑及其化學結構(Lawson et al., 2005) 23 圖十五、 Brassinin的化學結構 24 圖十六、 Quercetin的化學結構 25 圖十七、 EGCG抑制IDO活性之機制(Cheng et al., 2010) 27 圖十八、 5-Br-brassinin之化學結構圖 28 圖十九、 (A) LoVo (B) HCT116 之細胞培養液之HPLC圖譜 37 圖二十、 不同IFN-γ濃度對於大腸直腸癌細胞株LoVo之IDO mRNA表現的影響 45 圖二十一、 不同IFN-γ濃度對於大腸直腸癌細胞株HCT116之IDO mRNA表現的影響 46 圖二十二、 不同IFN-γ濃度對於大腸直腸癌細胞株LoVo之培養液中tryptophan殘存量及kynurenine產生量的影響 48 圖二十三、 不同IFN-γ濃度對於大腸直腸癌細胞株HCT116之培養液中kynurenine產生量及tryptophan殘存量的影響 49 圖二十四、 不同IFN-γ濃度對於大腸直腸癌細胞株LoVo之TDO mRNA表現的影響 51 圖二十五、 人類大腸息肉組織經IFN-γ刺激後之IDO及TDO 的mRNA表現 52 圖二十六、 EGCG對於 (A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 56 圖二十七、 Curcumin對於 (A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 58 圖二十八、 Brassinin對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 61 圖二十九、 5-Br-brassinin對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 62 圖三十、 Resveratrol對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 64 圖三十一、 Quercetin對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 66 圖三十二、 Sulforaphane對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 68 圖三十三、 6-Shogaol對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 70 圖三十四、 DATS對於(A) LoVo存活率 (B) HCT116存活率 (C) LoVo培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (D) HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率 (E) LoVo產生kynurenine抑制率 (F) HCT116產生kynurenine抑制率 之影響 72 圖三十五、 EGCG對於 (A) LoVo中IDO及TDO mRNA的影響 (B) HCT116中IDO mRNA的影響 77 圖三十六、 DATS對於 (A) LoVo中IDO及TDO mRNA的影響 (B) HCT116中IDO mRNA的影響 79 圖三十七、 (A) 九種植化素對於LoVo及HCT116之不同影響 (B) EGCG及DATS對於LoVo及HCT116之IDO或TDO mRNA表現之影響 85 表一、 IDO於不同癌症組織中的表現量(Uyttenhove et al., 2003) 16 表二、 以植化素抑制IDO活性之研究現況 26 表三、 不同植化素對於LoVo及HCT116培養液中tryptophan殘留率及kynurenine抑制率之整理 75 | |
| dc.language.iso | zh-TW | |
| dc.subject | indoleamine-2 | en |
| dc.subject | Colorectal cancer | en |
| dc.subject | Tryptophan-2 | en |
| dc.subject | 3-dioxygenase | en |
| dc.subject | 3-dioxygenase | en |
| dc.subject | phytochemicals | en |
| dc.title | "植化素抑制大腸直腸癌中indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase活性之探討" | zh_TW |
| dc.title | Inhibition effects of phytochemicals on indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase activity in colorectal cancer | en |
| dc.type | Thesis | |
| dc.date.schoolyear | 101-1 | |
| dc.description.degree | 碩士 | |
| dc.contributor.oralexamcommittee | 何其儻,鍾景光,吳明賢 | |
| dc.subject.keyword | 大腸直腸癌,Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase,植化素,Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase, | zh_TW |
| dc.subject.keyword | Colorectal cancer,indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase,phytochemicals,Tryptophan-2,3-dioxygenase, | en |
| dc.relation.page | 95 | |
| dc.rights.note | 有償授權 | |
| dc.date.accepted | 2013-01-29 | |
| dc.contributor.author-college | 生物資源暨農學院 | zh_TW |
| dc.contributor.author-dept | 食品科技研究所 | zh_TW |
| 顯示於系所單位： | 食品科技研究所 | |
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