企業內部興業策略與組織的個案研究

Abstract

追求成長和企業的永續經營，是經營者必須努力的目標。對於一個成熟的企業，適當的分散風險，作多角化的經營，可以兼顧成長和穩健，讓公司的經營績效，不會因為單一產業的起落而產生經營上的不穩定。 多角化的途徑有幾種，除了透過外部購併和企業創投之外，還有透過內部創業的途徑。內部創業是真正實踐有機成長，是運用公司內部的資源，在公司內的組織內成立團隊，把一個新的事業經營起來。在一個成熟的企業內部開創一個新事業所遭遇的挑戰，和把新創公司經營起來並不相同。雖然在成熟企業內部財務壓力小、資源相對豐富；但是內部創業需要在公司為主流事業建立的系統中，摸索出調適的方法。企業的經營團隊需要在兩個迴異的事業間尋找平衡。 本論文針對一個上市公司內部新事業發展的情境為個案，深入探討在企業內部新創一個事業的策略與組織的挑戰。論文首先由組織、產品組合與營運概況幾個層面來介紹個案公司，然後討論個案在策略面、營運面、組織結構設計面、以及人格特質和企業文化等多層面的影響。最後，藉由個案成功的經驗，本論文對當時的重要作法作總結，搭配個案公司執行長的回顧與反思，希望可以提供未來其他企業進行內部創業時之參考。

Growing new business and pursuing long-term sustainability have been the central task of general management. For an established firm, increasing the extent of diversity in business portfolio and therefore enhancing performance stability is suggested to be an appropriate approach of business growth strategy. Among other ways of diversifications, such as merger & acquisition or corporate venturing investments, internal new business development, or corporate entrepreneurship, is indeed an approach to pursuit of organic growth for an established company. The challenges to corporate entrepreneurship lie on management of contradictory nature between a newborn business and mature ones. Although it is usually equipped with healthy financial supports and better resources than most start-ups, corporate entrepreneurs have to face obstacles due to the existing systems built for mature business. The corporate executives thus need to find balance between two distinctive business practices. This thesis presents a case study of corporate entrepreneurship with focus on the strategy, organization and people management of an internal new business development. It begins with the introduction of business background of the case company and then discuss its strategic, operational, and organizational approaches together with analyses on the effects of personnel characteristics and organizational culture on corporate entrepreneurship. Finally, the key success factors are concluded and compared with the extant literature and comments from the CEO of the case company.