可側傾式三輪車轉向動態分析

Abstract

本研究旨在探討可側傾三輪車轉向時之動態變化並與二輪機車比較其特性。因此本論文首先將建立二輪與三輪可側傾車輛轉向時的力學模型，利用此兩模型發展電腦程式進行模擬分析，可探討二、三輪可側傾式車輛轉向時側向(lateral)、偏搖(yaw)、側傾(camber)、轉向(steering)四個運動方向的動態特性，並比較其操控性。其次，在遭遇不同路面狀況或外力後，機車可能因這些從外界的擾動使車輛產生不穩定的運動，因此將接著以發展的電腦程式模擬二、三輪車在受到外力刺激或路面狀況改變時之車輛反應，以比較兩種車輛之穩定性。最後在模擬二、三輪車特定速度區間與轉向力矩大小下車輛之轉向行為後，本研究將再運用向心加速度指標、轉向比、科氏指標等性能指標量化車輛在不同車速、轉向半徑、側傾角等情況下之性能，以更客觀且全面的方式比較二、三輪車輛間的操控性與安全性。

The purpose of this study is to understand the dynamic cornering behaviors of tilting three-wheeled vehicle. The motorcycle and 2F3T tricycle dynamic cornering model has been developed by Lagrange equation and computed by Matlab. We first compared the cornering behavior of two vehicles in four degree of freedoms, lateral, yaw, steering angle and camber by using these models. When road condition is changing will lead a motorcycle to unstable behaviors. So we simulation the changing of road conditions to analyze the safety of 2F3T tricycle and compared with the motorcycle. After simulation the cornering behaviors and safety in particular vehicle speed and steering torque, we quantification the cornering ability by Acceleration Index, Steering Ratio and Koch Index to analysis two vehicles in a range of speed and steering torque.