說唱文學與民間戲劇：論時事劇目在歌仔冊與歌仔戲的流傳與衍變

Abstract

歌仔戲是以說唱「歌仔」為基礎發展而成的戲劇，兩者在劇目、敘事內容、套路情節上具有密切的關係，本文從時事劇的角度，研究歌仔與歌仔戲之間的交互影響。 「時事劇」是指劇作家與民間藝人，以當代或近代的重大事件為主題，根據新聞報紙、軼聞傳說及自身經歷改編而成的劇目，其內容包含重大的政治事件與實事案件。本文研究的時事劇均與命案有關，可依地理區域分為二，即「不在台灣發生」與「在台灣發生」的時事劇，前者例如《詹典嫂告御狀》、《通州奇案殺子報》、《青竹絲奇案》；後者例如《周成過台灣》、《林投姐》、《運河奇案》。藉由說唱與戲劇的演出文本，分析二者中情節安排與表現手法的差異，進而論述歌仔、歌仔戲時事劇的表演特色。 隨著時間更迭，過去的時事新聞變成今日的軼聞傳說，時事劇「紀實性」的性質逐漸消逝，今日的時事劇已成為一種劇目類型。 本文結論根據上述劇目，歸納時事劇的程式情節，討論其呈現的主題意義，並於文末說明時事劇的演出現況，以及當今歌仔戲鮮少演出時事劇的原因。

Kua-a-hi(Taiwanese Opera) is a kind ofdrama, based on Kua-a(Taiwanese Ballad) and Kua-a-tsheh(Taiwanese Ballad Boolets). Kua-hi has close relation to Kua-a in narrative way and plots. This dissertation is in terms of current-event drama, focusing on the relatives between Kua-a-tseh and Kua-a-hi. Current-event Drama means that folk performers and actors take current news and incidents as subjects to create plays. These subjects, which are sensational and well-known, include political events, murders, and social cases. The current-event drama can geographically divide into two sorts: “whathappened in Taiwan” and “whathappened not in Taiwan”. The former consists ofZhan-Dian’s Wife Accused of Her Farther, Tong-Zhou Vicious Mother, and Bamboo Viper Murder. The later consists ofZhou-Cheng Immigrates to Taiwan, An Abandoned Widow: Lin-Tou-Jie, and A Suicide for Love in Tainan Canal. This thesis analyzes the plots and narrating difference between Kua-a-tseh and Kua-a-hi. Furthermore, the thesis concludes the features and conventional plots of Current-event Drama between them. As time goes by, past “current-events” transform into legends or stories nowadays. Current-event drama gradually loses its function of recording and reflecting the actual facts and becomes a category of plays. At the end, the thesis accounts for the situation of playing current-event drama and why the playing frequencies decrease.