新式即時測量膀胱容量之系統開發

Abstract

神經性膀胱，為控制膀胱之神經，因疾病或傷害時所產生之後遺症。常帶給脊髓損傷患者生活上的不便，及引發諸多併發症。然而神經性膀胱之患者，因神經受損，通常沒有明確之脹尿感。而目前電刺激器所缺少的，為正確測量膀胱容量之功能，無法在膀胱脹尿容積至需要排尿時發出電刺激，避免膀胱過脹造成器官損傷。此外，在傳統治療上實行間歇導尿之病人，目前大多採用定時導尿之方式，例如每四到六小時導尿一次，並且需限制水分攝取。若有即時測量膀胱容量之技術，也可幫助他們掌握適當導尿時機。由於目前市場上仍無任何可植入之微小化膀胱容量感測器，可用於神經性膀胱病患之膀胱狀容量偵測。因此本研究目的為發展一套膀胱容量偵測器，其原理為運用膀胱內液體體積改變將造成膀胱壁膨脹之生理反應，利用玻璃纖維材質之電路板以可變電阻的方式測量，設計出膀胱植入式系統目前本研究已完成一套具無線傳輸微小化容量感測器雛型，並且在離體豬隻膀胱實驗測試中，證明運用可變電阻之原理，可正確計算出膀胱容積，此結果未來將進一步在活體豬隻進行動物實驗測試，終極目標為應用於臨床病患之膀胱狀態之偵測。

Neurogenic bladder is a dysfunction developed as a consequence of the injury to nervous systems controlling the voiding and storage function. The disease plagues especially the spinal cord injury patients, causing inconveniences in daily life and lots of complications.The major concern in the patients with neurogenic bladder is the lack of accurate bladder sensation. Currently the technology of sacral nerve electric stimulation is not available to provide an accurate bladder volume measurement and unable to trigger voiding stimulation when the volume reaches the voiding threshold. That may cause bladder overdistension injury. In addition, the patient under intermittent catheterization to divert the urine has to perform catheterization on a time scheduled basis, i.e. catheterization every 4 to 6 hours, and need to restrict water intake. If continuous bladder measurement system is available, the patients can then determine when if the best time of perform catheterization.There is still no miniaturized bladder volume sensor which can be used to measure the bladder volume of patients with neurogenic bladder. Therefore, this study aims to develop a system of the bladder volume detector. The principle is the use of intravesical liquid volume change to cause the expansion of bladder. Use the principle of the potentiometer with PCBs made of fiberglass materials to design bladder implanted system.In this study, a prototype of the wireless miniaturized bladder volume sensor is completed at present. We are now undergoing the experimental test with in-vitro model of swine bladder to justify that using the principle of the potentiometer can accurately calculate the bladder volume. This result will further conduct an experiment with swine in vivo. The final target is to apply to the clinical patient of the detection of the bladder condition.