發展遲緩兒童幼小轉銜服務之家庭參與分析

Abstract

幼小轉銜服務對於發展遲緩兒童進入國小階段的適應和學習扮演著重要的角色，目前實務工作與學術文獻中，多強調在「家長」角色上的參與，然而，國外已有許多文獻指出「家庭參與」的重要。本研究透過訪談已經歷幼小轉銜的五位家庭成員以及五位社工，探討發展遲緩兒童家庭在幼小轉銜中的角色、參與方式、與社工互動的經驗，以及目前幼小轉銜實務工作中「家庭參與」執行的方式。 從文獻探討與研究發現中，分析出家庭參與的特性可分為：社工與家庭之間的關係及互動、社工對家庭成員的洞察、家庭的參與及外部資源。從研究發現延伸的討論為：發展遲緩兒童家庭與早資中心社工的關係、從「家庭參與」反思早療社會工作與幼小轉銜服務、對台灣發展遲緩兒童家庭的洞察。 最後，依據上述研究發現提出若干建議，包括：維繫與個案的關係以建立更長久的人脈資源、強化對於「家庭參與」的實踐、增進實務工作交流的機會、加強轉銜相關單位多專業合作的效能，作為未來發展相關服務之參考。

For children with developmental delay, preschool to elementary school transition service plays an important role in adaptation and learning. Currently, there’re focusing on the 'parent's involvement' in practical work and academic literature. However, there are many foreign literature suggests the importance of 'family engagement'. Therefore, the researcher interviewed 5 family members who have experienced preschool to elementary school transition service. What’s more, in order to explore the implementation of family engagement in practice, the researcher also interviewed 5 social workers. From the literature review and research findings, the characteristics of the family engagement can be divided into: the relationship and interaction between social workers and families, social workers insight into the family members, and the family's engagement and external resources. Extended discussion of the study were: the relationship between families of children with developmental delay and social workers who work in early intervention of community resource centers, reflection of 'family engagement' in early intervention with social work and preschool to elementary school transition service, and the insight of families of children with developmental delay in Taiwan. Finally, based on the outcomes, this study proposes the implications included: maintain relationship with the case in order to establish network of resources permanently, strengthen the 'family engagement' in the practices, enhance the exchange of social workers, and improve the multi-disciplinary collaboration in agencies which offer transition service.