飼料中添加樟芝培養基對青魚的成長與免疫之影響

Abstract

本篇研究將樟芝菌絲體培養基與使用80 %乙醇萃取的樟芝菌絲體培養基兩種方式分別以不同劑量添加到飼料中，探討其對青魚成長、非特異性免疫效果以及血液指標的影響。 實驗在飼料中直接添加組分別添加樟芝培養基0.5 %、0.75 %、1.25 %、2.5 %和萃取添加組分別添加樟芝培養基0.5 %、0.75 %、1.25 %。使用平均體重約13.03±1.81 g 的青魚，每組10尾雙重複，飼養42天。每兩週稱重一次，并檢測非特異性免疫及血液生化指標，包括巨噬細胞超氧陰離子（O2-）產生率、巨噬細胞吞噬作用（Phagocytic activity）、溶菌酶活性（Lysozyme activity）和鹼性磷酸酶（Alkaline phosphatase, ALP）、三酸甘油酯（Triglycerol）及總膽固醇（Total cholesterol）的含量等。 結果發現，餵食添加樟芝培養基的飼料對魚體的生長有促進作用，其中直接添加樟芝培養基1.25 %（AC1.25）組別的成長狀況最好。實驗組相較于對照組在溶菌酶活性上均有提升的現象。超氧陰離子的檢測中實驗組也高於對照組的表現。同時實驗組在吞噬細胞的吞噬作用中也整體上高於對照組的結果。在ALP的含量上隨著餵食天數的增加，實驗組整體上高於對照組，而TG和T-Cho方面，前期實驗組整體上低於對照組，後期相近或高於對照組的結果。經多重比較分析，直接添加組選擇1.25 %（AC1.25），而萃取添加組選擇0.75 %（ACE0.75）在成長表現與非特異性免疫方面具有最好的效果。

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary with Antrodia camphorata barley medium and 80 % ethanol extract of Antrodia camphorata barley medium on growth, non-specific immune parameters and blood parameters in black carp (Mylopharyngodon piceus). In experiment, the Antrodia camphorata barley medium was supplemented at 0.5 %, 0.75 %, 1.25 %, 2.5 % to the basal diets, while the 80 % ethanol extract of Antrodia camphorata barley medium was supplemented at 0.5 %, 0.75 %, 1.25 % to the basal diets. Each diet was fed to duplicate groups of black carp (initial body weight: 13.03±1.81 g) for 42 days. Every two week the fish were weighing and measured non-specific immune parameters and blood parameters (including macrophages superoxide anion activity, phagocytic activity, lysozyme activity, alkaline phosphatase, triglycerol and total cholesterol). In growth performances, the results show positive on the feed efficiency and percent weight gain of black carp fed the Antrodia camphorata barley medium containing diets supplemented. The experimental groups showed enhanced lysozyme activity, phagocytic activity, superoxide anion activity and ALP. However, it seems that the experimental groups were lower than control in the beginning while the experimental groups were similar or higher compare to control at the end in the parameters of TG and T-Cho. These results can be conducted that fish fed with dietary 1.25 % Antrodia camphorata barley medium supplementation and 0.75 % Antrodia camphorata barley medium extract supplementation can enhance the best effect in growth and non-specific immunity of black carp.