請用此 Handle URI 來引用此文件:
http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52814
標題: | 宜蘭河、鳳山溪及高屏溪棲地品質的長期變遷與日本鰻資源下降的關係之探討 Long term changes of habitat quality and its relation to Japanese eel Anguilla japonica of population decline in Yilan, Fengshan and Kaoping Rivers |
作者: | Chih-Tung Shao 邵志桐 |
指導教授: | 韓玉山(Yu-San Han) |
關鍵字: | 棲地破壞,日本鰻,衛星遙測技術,棲地品質指數,鰻魚資源量, habitat destruction,Japanese eel,satellite remote sensing,habitat quality index,eel stock size, |
出版年 : | 2015 |
學位: | 碩士 |
摘要: | 日本鰻是日本、韓國、台灣及中國等地區的重要養殖魚種。雖然日本鰻之人工繁技術已成功,但成本過高無法大量生產,因此目前養殖業者所需之鰻魚苗還是仰賴漁民於河口捕撈。日本鰻資源量從1970年代開始急遽下降,近年資源量明顯不如以往。資源量原因可能是氣候變遷、過度捕撈以及都市及工業不斷擴張、種種人為因素促使鰻魚的自然棲地受到嚴重的破壞。本研究擬探討從1970至2010年代,台灣三條主要河川宜蘭河、鳳山溪以及高屏溪之日本鰻棲地變化,並將棲地變化情形與資源量下降做比較,找出其因果關係。
本研究方法使用衛星遙測技術,將其應用在土地覆蓋之改變 (Land Cover Change, LCC) 以及使用河川汙染指數 (River pollution index, RPI) 進行棲地評估。衛星遙測技術是一項分析棲地的時間空間改變的有效率工具,它可以大範圍紀錄古今的地理樣貌,以提高效率以及精準度以利實驗分析。而本研究區域選定台灣三條河川,由美國地質調查局 (USGS) 下載各河川衛星照片後,再由 Arc-GIS 10分析其棲地改變之情形。再利用行政院環保署 (TEPA) 之長期監測水質資料選取三條河川之河川汙染指數 (RPI) 加入評估。結果顯示,宜蘭河在1970至2010年代當中,棲地品質指數 (Habitat quality index, HQI) 由2.3下降至0.2;鳳山溪在1970至2010年代當中,HQI由5.1下降至1.7;高屏溪在1970至2010年代當中,HQI由73.3下降至6.8。宜蘭河、鳳山溪以及高屏溪在近四十年HQI值分別下降了約92%、68%及91%,顯示台灣河川鰻魚棲地遭到嚴重破壞。 在鰻魚資源量方面,由農委會日本鰻放流計畫中選取2001-2002以及2011-2013年度以標識再捕方式評估河川整體鰻魚資源量,結果顯示宜蘭河現有資源量約為2429尾,鳳山溪現有資源量約為5495尾,而高屏溪現有資源量約為12016尾。計算整體資源量後將其與HQI值進行分析,發現兩者呈現顯著正相關(p <0.05)。 結論而言, HQI值在未來可以參考作一個快速且成本低的鰻魚資源量評估方式。 The Japanese eel Anguilla japonica is an important aquaculture species in Japan, Korea, Taiwan and China. Although artificial propagation has been successfully developed in Japan, the cost is still too high to reproduce glass eel for aquaculture. The glass eels needed are still for aquaculture completely depending on the wild stock caught at river mouths. However, eel stocks have been rapidly declining since the 1970s. Furthermore, with urbanization and constant expansion of industrialization in these countries, the natural habitats of eels have been severely damaged. In this study, Arc GIS and River Pollution Index (RPI) were integrated to establish the long-term changes (between 1970-2010) of river habitat quality index (HQI). The result show that during 1970-2010 the HQI of the Yilan River dreceased from 2.3 to 0.2, the HQI of the Fengshan River decreased from 5.1 to 1.7 and the HQI of the Kaoping Rivers decreased from 73.3 to 6.8. The HQIs of Yilan River, Fengshan River and Kaoping River decrease 92%, 68%, and 91%, respectively, in the past 4 decades. The quality of eel river habitat has been significantly decreased. To estimate the eel population size, according to the restocking projects of the Japanese eel from the Council of Agriculture during recent years, we collected the available data for the years 2001-2002 and 2011-2013 and use Chapman’s mark-recapture method to calculate the eel abundance. It was found that the total population size were around 2429 eels in Yilan River, 5495 eels in Fengshan River and 12016 eels in Kaoping River. The Pearson’s correlation analysis indicated that the relationships between HQI and the amount of resources in the existing rivers was significantly positively correlated (p<0.05). In conclusion, HQI could be used for the evaluation why fast and large-scale eel abundance evaluation. |
URI: | http://tdr.lib.ntu.edu.tw/jspui/handle/123456789/52814 |
全文授權: | 有償授權 |
顯示於系所單位: | 漁業科學研究所 |
文件中的檔案:
檔案 | 大小 | 格式 | |
---|---|---|---|
ntu-104-1.pdf 目前未授權公開取用 | 6.69 MB | Adobe PDF |
系統中的文件,除了特別指名其著作權條款之外,均受到著作權保護,並且保留所有的權利。