自行車道專用平坦度指標研擬

Abstract

本研究針對自行車道研擬適用之評估設備與方法，並發展一套自行車道專用平坦度指標。近年來由於節能減碳與綠色運具之概念逐漸受到重視，國內外積極推動自行車道之規劃與建設，卻未有自行車道平坦度與養護等評估機制之建立，然因自行車之相對低速及避震系統不及機動車輛，均使自行車道平坦度對騎乘者感受到之騎乘舒適度及安全性有巨大影響。目前國內外所使用之平坦度量測標準及驗證方式皆是針對小客車之四分車模型設計，並不適用於自行車之車輛結構與行駛特性，因此本研究經調查後選用市佔率較高之自行車款進行設計，開發一套自行車檢測系統，並參考ISO 2631-1規範中訂定人體於坐姿時振動量之評估方法，於座墊下裝置加速度規進行實際騎乘量測；同時推導一符合檢測自行車系統之運動模型，並撰寫成Matlab程式，再以改良後之輕量型慣性平坦儀蒐集自行車道路網之剖面高程資料，藉由將剖面資料輸入程式後得模擬自行車於受路面高程影響之振動加速度反應，並以自行車檢測系統之實測結果做為比對，以修正模型之正確性。最後對民眾實地進行問卷調查，以了解騎乘者對自行車道平坦度之滿意與接受程度，再與剖面高程量測儀器經模擬後所得之平均加速度累積百分比曲線圖對應，並整合建議之鋪面養護策略成一套自行車道專用平坦度指標。

This study focuses on the development of equipment for measuring riding smoothness along bicycle routes. In addition, a bicycle motion analysis model was also developed and verified for conducting effective and efficient assessment of riding smoothness. In recent years, carbon reduction is a very important environmental protection issue for all countries, and one of the major strategic plans is to promote green transportation. Construction of a large number of bicycle routes within cities is one of the most important working tasks, but no criteria regarding pavement smoothness is given. And most of the motorway smoothness indices developed for passenger cars do not satisfy the needs of evaluating bicycle routes. Therefore, a test bicycle equipped with multiple sensors was developed in this study to measure the vertical acceleration which make reference to specification of ISO 2631-1 while riding a bicycle. Meanwhile, a lightweight inertial profiler was also converted for measuring the bicycle route profile which was used as the major input of the bicycle motion analysis model with Matlab programming. Through several stages of field tests, it was concluded that the measured and calculated accelerations are fairly consistent, and the average error percentage is less than 20%. By integrating the simulated accelerations and field surveys of riders’ comfortable feeling, bicycle routes riding smoothness with maintenance management suggestion can be assessed effectively and efficiently.