打造維基百科——從網路使用者的合作到科學與大眾媒體的雙重系統指涉

Abstract

本文意在指出新科技革命背景下、維基百科從使用者合作到它形成的系統性特徵及特定社會功能。本文由新科技革命促成的眾多社會互動和合作出發，穿過合作命題的文獻回顧，至借用系統理論的理論觀點形成本文研究框架：從系統的角度來看，維基百科是一個具有組織以上的溝通系統，它具有科學以及大眾媒體這兩個功能系統的系統指涉。本文研究發現如下：網路工具有助於激發人們合作及參與的動機，站在這樣的基礎之上，維基百科的溝通模式執行特定的社會功能。從維基百科三大方針浮現——中立觀點、非原創、引用，可以觀察到它與科學系統的相似與差異；而從更接近運作層次的方針提議可以發現，時效、關注與權衡成為維基百科最趨近大眾媒體系統的功能。

During the new scientific and technological revolution, Wikipedia co-writers bulid up an entity which baring the specific system feature and social functions. This article is intended to point out that numerous social interaction and cooperation contributed to Wikipedia by the new technological revolution condition, and starting from cooperation proposition literature, this article borrow a theoretical perspective from systems theory. From a Luhmannian system-theory perspective, Wikipedia is an entity that has systems references of both science and mass media functional systems. Readers of this study might find the following: new communication technological tool helps to stimulate cooperation and participation, standing on this basis, Wikipedia communication perform a specific social function. Three Wikipedia policies emerge from the operation - neutral point of view, non-original, references. Similarities and differences can be observed with regard to the science functional system. And from a closer look to the operational level, three proposals of the policies can reveal the system reference of mass media, which is current, notability, and balance.