臺灣智慧財產法院損害賠償判決實證研究

Abstract

本文蒐集智慧財產法院自民國97年7月至103年12月期間六年半之專利、商標、著作權等智慧財產權損害賠償判決，案件篩選標準原則採一審民事判決或一審刑事附帶民事判決，如一審判決遭上級審廢棄，則以目前最後事實審判決為研究標的。依上述標準，研究判決標的共807件，包括：專利487件、商標115件、著作權205件。以量化及質性實證研究為中心：量化研究部分，統計包括原被告身分、歷年結案數、案件判賠率、金額判賠率、無損害賠償原因、判賠金額前十高、前十低案件、判賠金額分佈、懲罰性賠償等等。質性研究部分，則探討各智慧財產權判決原告最常主張、法院最常引用之損害賠償計算方法。 本文實證研究結果發現：一、損害賠償計算方法：智慧財產法院在專利判決以總體利益說、總銷售額說為主、商標判決以單價倍數說為主、而著作權判決則以酌定說為主；二、平均判賠金額：專利採總體利益說之判決平均判賠金額低於商標判決採單價倍數說；三、民國100年專利法刪除總銷售額說後，智慧財產法院採同業利潤率計算被告所得利益之判決增多，此將導致專利權人依目前平均判賠金額已低之專利總體利益說，更加雪上加霜。本文呼籲智慧財產法院對於侵權案件之損害賠償額之認定放寬、立法者應儘速提出修法對策，以扭轉專利判賠金額日漸減少之趨勢。

Taiwan intellectual property court has established over 6 years accumulating hundreds of damage awards. The article collects intellectual property awards from July in 2008 to December in 2013 including 487 patent cases, 115 trademark cases, and 205 copyright cases. The empirical research quantifies with descriptive statistics for “plaintiff and defendant identification”, “number of judgments every year”, “percentage of damages”, “amount of damages”, “reason of non-infringement judgment”, “cases of top 10 and last 10 damages”, “distribution of face of judgment”, ”punitive damages”…etc . The article found that the IP court intends to invoke Subparagraph 2 of Paragraph 1 of Article 85(or Article 97 in the latest act) on patent awards, and Subparagraph 3 of Paragraph 1 of Article 63(or Article 71 in the latest act) on trademark awards, and Paragraph 3 of Article 88 on copyright awards. The average amount of damages of patent awards calculated by ”lost profit” is lower than trademark awards calculated by Subparagraph 3 of Paragraph 1 of Article 71. After repealing the total sales calculation method in patent act in 2011, IP court intends to calculate the lost profit by “The Profit Standard of the Same Trade Concerned”. The article suggests IP court should extend the standard of infringement damage determination, and the legislators should adopt a strategy to twist the predicament of the lowering amount of damages.