基隆市社區老人健康介入效益評估 – 以增肌減脂及預防骨鬆課程為示範

Abstract

隨著國人的平均餘命的增加，長者的人口數成長快速其比例急遽增加，臺灣人口老化程度嚴重，因此，長者的健康促進為重要的議題。為了能達到成功老化，長者的體能及對老年病症候群的知識成為關鍵要素。本研究針對基隆市社區老人進行增肌減脂課程(參與者54位)及預防骨質疏鬆課程(參與者49位)，探討課程介入前後對長者的影響。本論文藉調查基隆市社區60歲以上長者之骨質疏鬆預防常識及認知，採用簡易的問卷調查以瞭解課前及課後長者對於骨質疏鬆預防常識及認知之差異。 根據增肌減脂課程前後測量比較，沒有發現長者在體能方面有顯著的成長及衰退。對於長者來說，體能沒有衰退即有正面的意義。針對長者進行增肌減脂之體適能課程應該還是值得推行之公衛方案。由於本次課程僅有8堂，建議之後增加課程廣度及深度以做進一步分析。而在本研究發現到參與者8週課程後小腿圍與手臂圍有顯著的減少，值得後續進行更長期的追蹤。 根據預防骨質疏鬆課程前後測量比較研究顯示，經過8堂預防骨質疏鬆課程後，長者們對骨質疏鬆知識衛教知識、預防骨質疏鬆治療藥物及生活習慣的分數皆有顯著提升。倘若能往後能豐富課程的多樣性並提倡適時參與篩檢相信對長者在預防骨質疏鬆症方面能得到更大的效益。 關鍵字: 長者體適能、骨質疏鬆預防、健康促進、健康介入、社區

Due to the rise in life expectancy in Taiwan, the size of elderly population has grown rapidly. Therefore, the health promotion of the elderly to keep their wellbeing is an important issue. In order to achieve successful aging, the elderly’s physical fitness and knowledge of geriatric syndrome have become important. This study aimed to explore the impact of two courses of health promotion on physical fitness and osteoporosis prevention in the elderly people in Keelung. We recruited elderly people aged 60 years and older to take the course of health promotion on physical fitness (n=54) and osteoporosis prevention (n=49), 8 weeks for each. Measures of physical function, muscle, fat, circumferences of waist, arm, and calf, and questionnaire in knowledge of osteoporosis prevention were administered before and after the course. The results show that there was no significant growth or decline in physical fitness of the participants after taking the course of physical fitness. Participants had significantly smaller circumferences of arm and calf. Regarding knowledge of osteoporosis, anti-osteoporosis treatment drugs, and lifestyle habits have been improved after 8-week course classes. In conclusion, we found that the 8-week health promotion course showed no decline in physical fitness, but statistically significantly reduced the circumferences of arm and calf, and enhanced the knowledge in osteoporosis prevention for the elderly people in community. Keywords: Community, Geriatric syndrome, Health Promotion, Health Intervention, Osteoporosis, Physical fitness.