利用建築資訊模型考量空間建物特性之自動體外心臟除顫器選址問題

Abstract

當有病患心臟病發時，旁人能否在一定時間內取得自動體外心臟除顫器將會大幅影響該病患的生存機會。根據現有法規規定，在公共場合如捷運站、高鐵站、轉運站、飛機場及學校建物…等，都必須設置自動體外心臟除顫器在容易被發現的位置，也必須在樓層平面圖上有所標示，卻未對於自動體外心臟除顫器的服務效能及數量有所規定。因此本研究期望藉由最佳化模式進行自動體外心臟除顫器的選址，也和建物內現有自動體外心臟除顫器的覆蓋作比較，期望能增進自動體外心臟除顫器在建物內部的服務品質。 本研究為了降低人工處理的成本，引入了建築資訊模型，自動化建立室內建物的三維空間路網。建築資訊模型紀錄了建物空間內部的幾何特性，利用我們改良的演算法，將其內部的障礙物邊界及通道資訊取出後，產生整棟建物內部的中軸路網。並藉案例評估及規劃自動體外心臟除顫器的數量及位置。

Automated external defibrillators (AED), which are used as an emergency medical device for heart attacks, are required to be placed in the critical transportation facilities such as metro rapid transit (MRT) stations or high speed rail (HSR) stations. However, location performance of current installations should be evaluated for appropriateness, and optimized. In this paper, we aim to develop models for the evaluation and optimization of the accessibility of in-building AED coverage. To achieve our goal, we retrieve building geometry from Building Information Modeling (BIM) models for network construction and further modeling. In this work, we determine the number of required AEDs given a performance requirement, or whether the coverage of existing AEDs is appropriate, based on the constructed network.