利用電磁模擬探討葉綠餅的傾斜角度對光吸收特性之影響及實驗研究葉綠體附著於太陽能電池表面之反射率

Abstract

植物藉著光合作用以進行氧化–還原的過程來獲取太陽能量，將光能有效的轉換成化學能。葉綠體以及類囊體為優良的太陽能發電廠來藉此捕獲太陽能。近年來，三維影像重建技術已趨於成熟，藉由發生光合作用之葉綠餅的三維影像，我們使用時域有限差分法之光學模擬軟體計算光傳播到葉綠體的光場分佈，光吸收率，直徑、堆疊層數、傾斜角度、波長皆為本文所要探討的重點參數。另外，我們萃取菠菜內的葉綠體，塗佈在不同製程階段的太陽能板上，以藉此了解葉綠餅結構分佈於不同製程階段的太陽能板上之光學特性。我們的研究結果說明葉綠體的複雜結構能有效的使光傳播到葉綠體內，將萃取出來的葉綠體應用在太陽能板上，也可以有一定的能量吸收效果，藉此證明我們所建立的植物模型具有潛力可應用在獲取太陽能能量元件上，甚至可以成功的製作出仿生的太陽能系統。

Plants obtain solar energy through photosynthesis with oxidation-reduction process, and they can efficiently convert light energy into chemical energy. The photosynthesis is mainly occurred in the chloroplasts. The chloroplasts and grana are good solar power plants to capture the solar energy. In recent years, the three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction technology is more matured, so we can simulate the light distributions in the photosynthesis structures in chloroplasts and grana by using the three-dimensional images. We use the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method to calculate the electric field and absorbed light power for energy transmitting to the chloroplasts and grana. Therefore, we study the effects of the diameter, stacked layers, tilt angles, and wavelengths on light absorption of grana. To understand the optical properties of chloroplast being applied on the semiconductor-based solar cells, we extracted the chloroplasts of spinach and coated them in the silicon solar cells substrates which are in several specific fabrication steps. Our results indicate that the complex structures of the grana can effectively capture and guide light. The experimental results also show the chloroplasts isolation can have good energy absorption by using in solar cells. The results prove the model we build can be applied to the device of effectively guiding light.